Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany.
Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany.
J Am Chem Soc. 2020 Apr 8;142(14):6538-6547. doi: 10.1021/jacs.9b10430. Epub 2020 Mar 24.
We computationally dissected the electronic and geometrical influences of -chlorinated azobenzenes on their photophysical properties. X-ray analysis provided the insight that -tetra--chloro azobenzene is conformationally flexible and thus subject to molecular motions. This allows the photoswitch to adopt a range of red-shifted geometries, which account for the extended n → π* band tails. On the basis of our results, we designed the di-fluoro di--chloro () azobenzene and provided computational evidence for the superiority of this substitution pattern to tetra--chloro azobenzene. Thereafter, we synthesized azobenzene by -chlorination via 2-fold C-H activation and experimentally confirmed its structural and photophysical properties through UV-vis, NMR, and X-ray analyses. The advantages include near-bistable isomers and an increased separation of the n → π* bands between the - and -conformations, which allows for the generation of unusually high levels of the -isomer by irradiation with green/yellow light as well as red light within the biooptical window.
我们通过计算方法剖析了氯取代偶氮苯对其光物理性质的电子和几何影响。X 射线分析提供了 insight,表明四氯代偶氮苯是构象柔性的,因此容易发生分子运动。这使得光开关可以采用一系列红移的几何形状,这解释了扩展的 n → π* 带尾。基于我们的结果,我们设计了二氟二氯()偶氮苯,并提供了这种取代模式优于四氯代偶氮苯的计算证据。此后,我们通过 2 倍 C-H 活化的 - 氯代合成了偶氮苯,并通过 UV-vis、NMR 和 X 射线分析实验证实了其结构和光物理性质。优点包括近稳定的异构体和 - 构象和 - 构象之间的 n → π* 带的分离增加,这允许通过用绿光/黄光以及生物光学窗口内的红光照射来产生异常高水平的 - 异构体。
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