用于组胺H受体光药理学的光开关地氯雷他定配体的设计与合成。
Design and synthesis of photoswitchable desloratadine ligands for histamine H receptor photopharmacology.
作者信息
Binkhorst Lars C P, Josimovic Ivana, de Vetten Daan, Nijman Tyrone J, Hauwert Niels J, Ahmad Sufyan, van Linden Oscar P J, de Esch Iwan J P, Vischer Henry F, Wijtmans Maikel, Leurs Rob
机构信息
Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
出版信息
RSC Med Chem. 2025 Aug 13. doi: 10.1039/d5md00589b.
Despite the pharmacological relevance of the histamine H receptor (HR), the second most therapeutically targeted G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), an effective photoswitchable ligand to optically control this receptor remains elusive. In this work, we aimed to identify a suitable photoswitchable HR ligand by performing an 'azoscan' on the HR antagonist desloratadine. Taking advantage of the synthetic toolbox available for the desloratadine scaffold, aniline groups were regioselectively installed on the aromatic positions of this scaffold to enable the synthesis of azobenzene analogs targeting the orthosteric binding pocket of HR. Additionally, we functionalized the piperidine ring of desloratadine with azobenzene moieties. These two strategies resulted in a total of nine photoswitchable compounds, displaying efficient to isomerization (PSS > 87%) and a broad range of thermal relaxation half-lives. Pharmacological evaluation revealed the 2-position (10a) to be most suitable for accommodation of a photoswitchable group, as it exhibits the most balanced profile in absolute affinity ( = 2 nM) and a 3.2-fold light-induced affinity shift. Computational docking studies provide a rationale, with the binding pose of the and isomer in the HR binding pocket potentially being inverted. While the development of effective photoswitchable ligands for HR remains challenging, this study provides promising opportunities for future optimization to achieve optical control of this GPCR.
尽管组胺H受体(HR)作为第二大最常作为治疗靶点的G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)具有药理学相关性,但用于光学控制该受体的有效光开关配体仍然难以捉摸。在这项工作中,我们旨在通过对HR拮抗剂地氯雷他定进行“偶氮扫描”来鉴定合适的光开关HR配体。利用可用于地氯雷他定支架的合成工具箱,在该支架的芳环位置区域选择性地引入苯胺基团,以合成靶向HR正构结合口袋的偶氮苯类似物。此外,我们用地偶氮苯基团对氯雷他定的哌啶环进行功能化。这两种策略总共产生了九种光开关化合物,它们表现出高效的 到 异构化(PSS > 87%)和广泛的热弛豫半衰期。药理学评估表明,2-位(10a)最适合容纳光开关基团,因为它在绝对亲和力( = 2 nM)方面表现出最平衡的特征以及3.2倍的光诱导亲和力变化。计算对接研究提供了一个理论依据, 和 异构体在HR结合口袋中的结合姿势可能发生了反转。虽然开发用于HR的有效光开关配体仍然具有挑战性,但这项研究为未来优化以实现对该GPCR的光学控制提供了有希望的机会。
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