Morciano Giampaolo, Patergnani Simone, Bonora Massimo, Pedriali Gaia, Tarocco Anna, Bouhamida Esmaa, Marchi Saverio, Ancora Gina, Anania Gabriele, Wieckowski Mariusz R, Giorgi Carlotta, Pinton Paolo
Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Via Corriera 1, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy.
Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2020 Mar 24;9(3):892. doi: 10.3390/jcm9030892.
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death. Increasing evidence has shown that pharmacological or genetic targeting of mitochondria can ameliorate each stage of these pathologies, which are strongly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Removal of inefficient and dysfunctional mitochondria through the process of mitophagy has been reported to be essential for meeting the energetic requirements and maintaining the biochemical homeostasis of cells. This process is useful for counteracting the negative phenotypic changes that occur during cardiovascular diseases, and understanding the molecular players involved might be crucial for the development of potential therapies. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on mitophagy (and autophagy) mechanisms in the context of heart disease with an important focus on atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, heart failure, hypertension, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease and peripheral vascular disease. We aim to provide a complete background on the mechanisms of action of this mitochondrial quality control process in cardiology and in cardiac surgery by also reviewing studies on the use of known compounds able to modulate mitophagy for cardioprotective purposes.
心血管疾病是主要死因之一。越来越多的证据表明，针对线粒体的药理学或基因靶向治疗可以改善这些疾病的各个阶段，这些疾病与线粒体功能障碍密切相关。据报道，通过线粒体自噬过程清除效率低下和功能失调的线粒体对于满足能量需求和维持细胞的生化稳态至关重要。这一过程有助于对抗心血管疾病期间发生的负面表型变化，了解其中涉及的分子机制可能对潜在治疗方法的开发至关重要。在此，我们总结了目前关于心脏病背景下线粒体自噬（和自噬）机制的知识，重点关注动脉粥样硬化、缺血性心脏病、心肌病、心力衰竭、高血压、心律失常、先天性心脏病和外周血管疾病。我们旨在通过回顾关于使用已知能够调节线粒体自噬以达到心脏保护目的化合物的研究，为这一线粒体质量控制过程在心脏病学和心脏外科中的作用机制提供完整背景。
