Basinska Beata A, Gruszczynska Ewa
Faculty of Management and Economics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland.
Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2020 Mar 16;13:267-278. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S244397. eCollection 2020.
Burnout has been traditionally seen as a chronic and stable state in response to prolonged stress. However, measures of momentary burnout are not well established, even though the within-person approach suggests that the symptoms of burnout may vary from day to day for the same employee. The aim of this study is to examine the daily inter- and intra-personal variability of the symptoms of burnout and the cross-lagged relationship between two components of burnout, exhaustion and disengagement.
An online diary study over 10 consecutive workdays was conducted among 235 civil servants (75% women, average tenure of 15 years). Daily burnout was measured with the eight-item Oldenburg Burnout Inventory.
The intra-class correlation coefficients indicate that, although significant between-person variability exists, most of the burnout variance is within persons. Using the random intercept cross-lagged panel (RI-CLP) model to control for these between-person differences, mainly insignificant "pure" within-person cross-lagged relationships between exhaustion and disengagement were revealed. Moreover, day-to-day autoregressive effects were weaker than same-day residual correlations.
This is one of the first studies to use daily diaries and the RI-CLP model to study burnout, including the separation of the more stable and more dynamic parts of each component. When stable parts were controlled for, the same-day relationships between exhaustion and disengagement were more pronounced than day-to-day effects. This might suggest stronger situational influences than carryover mechanism. Thus, conceptualizing burnout in terms of daily symptoms may shed promising insights into how it develops and add implications for pro-healthy changes in the workplace.
倦怠传统上被视为对长期压力的一种慢性且稳定的状态。然而，尽管个体内部研究方法表明，对于同一名员工而言，倦怠症状可能每天都有所不同，但瞬时倦怠的测量方法尚未得到很好的确立。本研究的目的是考察倦怠症状的每日人际间和个体内部变异性，以及倦怠的两个组成部分——疲惫和脱离工作状态之间的交叉滞后关系。
对235名公务员（75%为女性，平均任期15年）进行了一项为期10个连续工作日的在线日记研究。使用包含八个条目的奥尔登堡倦怠量表来测量每日倦怠程度。
组内相关系数表明，尽管存在显著的人际间变异性，但大部分倦怠变异存在于个体内部。使用随机截距交叉滞后面板（RI-CLP）模型来控制这些人际间差异，结果显示疲惫和脱离工作状态之间主要是不显著的“纯粹”个体内部交叉滞后关系。此外，逐日自回归效应比同日残差相关性弱。
这是首批使用每日日记和RI-CLP模型来研究倦怠的研究之一，包括分离每个组成部分中更稳定和更具动态性的部分。当控制了稳定部分时，疲惫和脱离工作状态之间的同日关系比逐日效应更为明显。这可能表明情境影响比延续机制更强。因此，从每日症状的角度对倦怠进行概念化，可能会为其发展方式带来有前景的见解，并为工作场所促进健康的变革提供启示。
