Department of Radiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
ENT Department, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
Rofo. 2020 Aug;192(8):745-753. doi: 10.1055/a-1131-7980. Epub 2020 Mar 26.
Otosclerosis is an important cause of hearing loss and a widespread pathology in ENT medicine. Although a high diagnostic value of CT with impact on therapy is emphasized in the literature, the disease is seldom seen in the radiological routine diagnostics due to ENT findings often being diagnostic. Radiologists detect it rather more often in cases of unclear hearing loss or cochlear implant candidates. The findings may be very subtle. They require a target search and an optimal imaging technique.
This review article is based on a selective search of the literature in PubMed without any time frame restrictions as well as on the long clinical experience of the authors.
The paper focuses on imaging aspects of otosclerosis: current role, advice for imaging technique, characteristic imaging signs, radiological differential diagnoses and findings after stapedoplasty. Pathology, clinical signs and therapeutic options are summarized briefly.
With an optimal technique and sufficient radiological experience otosclerosis can be correctly diagnosed by imaging in a high percentage of cases. Radiology plays the key role in the diagnosis of retrofenestral otosclerosis. It can provide valuable information for the management of complications after stapedotomy.
· X-ray cross-sectional imaging continues to be the method of first choice in the radiological diagnostics of otosclerosis. · With an optimal imaging technique and sufficient experience otosclerosis can be radiologically detected. · In complications after stapedoplasty, causes can be identified supporting the indication for a reoperation.
· Kösling K, Plontke SK, Bartel S. Imaging of otosclerosis. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2020; 192: 745 - 753.
耳硬化症是听力损失的一个重要原因，也是耳鼻喉科的一种广泛存在的病理学。尽管 CT 具有诊断价值，并对治疗有影响，在文献中被强调，但由于耳鼻喉科检查通常具有诊断意义，该疾病在放射学常规诊断中很少见。放射科医生在听力损失不明确或人工耳蜗植入候选者的情况下更常发现它。其表现可能非常细微。需要进行目标搜索和最佳成像技术。
本文基于对 PubMed 文献的选择性搜索，没有时间限制，并且基于作者的长期临床经验。
本文重点介绍耳硬化症的影像学表现：当前作用、影像学技术建议、特征性影像学征象、放射学鉴别诊断以及镫骨手术后的发现。简要总结了病理学、临床特征和治疗选择。
通过优化技术和充足的放射学经验，影像学可以在很大比例的病例中正确诊断耳硬化症。放射学在诊断窗后耳硬化症中起着关键作用。它可以为镫骨手术后并发症的管理提供有价值的信息。
· X 射线断层成像仍然是耳硬化症放射学诊断的首选方法。· 通过优化的成像技术和充足的经验，可以通过影像学检测到耳硬化症。· 在镫骨成形术后的并发症中，可以确定病因，为再次手术提供依据。
· Kösling K, Plontke SK, Bartel S. 耳硬化症的影像学表现。Fortschr Röntgenstr 2020; 192: 745-753.
