Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Sep;179:113925. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113925. Epub 2020 Mar 23.
Lipids and their mediators are known to play a pro-inflammatory role in several human diseases including asthma. The influence of leukotrienes and prostaglandins through arachidonate metabolism in asthma pathophysiology is well established and hence, prompted the way for therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolites. In addition, various types of fatty acids have been reported to play a diverse role in asthma. For instance, CD4 T-lymphocytes differentiation towards T-effector (T) or T-regulatory (Tregs) cells seems to be controlled reciprocally by fatty acid metabolic pathways. Further, the dysregulated lipid status in obesity complicates the asthma manifestations suggesting the role of lipid metabolites particularly ω-6 fatty acids in the process. On the other hand, clinical and pre-clinical studies suggests the role of short chain fatty acids in curbing asthma through upregulation of T-regulatory cells or clearance of inflammatory cells through promoting apoptosis. Accordingly, the present review compiles various studies for comprehensive analysis of different types of lipid based metabolites in asthma manifestation. Finally, we have proposed certain strategies which may enhance the usefulness of lipid mediators for balanced immune response during asthma.
脂类及其介质已知在几种人类疾病中发挥促炎作用，包括哮喘。花生四烯酸代谢中白三烯和前列腺素在哮喘病理生理学中的作用已得到充分证实，因此为针对脂质代谢物的治疗策略开辟了道路。此外，已经报道了多种类型的脂肪酸在哮喘中发挥不同的作用。例如，CD4 T 淋巴细胞向 T 效应（T）或 T 调节（Tregs）细胞的分化似乎受脂肪酸代谢途径的相互控制。此外，肥胖症中脂质失调的状态使哮喘表现复杂化，表明脂质代谢物特别是 ω-6 脂肪酸在该过程中的作用。另一方面，临床和临床前研究表明，短链脂肪酸通过上调 T 调节细胞或通过促进细胞凋亡清除炎症细胞来抑制哮喘的作用。因此，本综述综合分析了不同类型的脂质代谢物在哮喘表现中的作用。最后，我们提出了一些策略，这些策略可能会增强脂质介质在哮喘期间平衡免疫反应中的有用性。
