肥厚型心肌病中的睡眠呼吸障碍——现状与未来方向

Venkataraman Shreyas, Karim Shahid, Rajendran Aiswarya, Chahal C Anwar A, Somers Virend K

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 55905 Rochester, MN 55901, USA.

Philadelphia Heart Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

J Clin Med. 2020 Mar 25;9(4):901. doi: 10.3390/jcm9040901.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiomyopathy and sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a treatable risk factor that has been seen to occur concurrently, and is known to propagate mortality and morbidity in a number of cardiovascular disease states including heart failure, and indeed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In this review, we summarize past studies that explored the simultaneous occurrence of HCM and SDB, and the pathophysiology of SDB in relation to heart failure, arrhythmias, cardiac ischemia and pulmonary hypertension in HCM. The current therapeutic modalities, with the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment on HCM, are then discussed along with potential future directions.

肥厚型心肌病（HCM）是最常见的遗传性心肌病，而睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）是一种可治疗的风险因素，已被发现与HCM同时发生，并且已知在包括心力衰竭以及实际上的肥厚型心肌病在内的多种心血管疾病状态中会增加死亡率和发病率。在本综述中，我们总结了过去探索HCM与SDB同时发生的研究，以及SDB与HCM中心力衰竭、心律失常、心肌缺血和肺动脉高压相关的病理生理学。然后讨论了当前的治疗方式，以及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）治疗对HCM的影响，并探讨了潜在的未来研究方向。