Correia Sofia, Queirós Filipa, Ferreira Helena, Morais Maria Cristina, Afonso Sílvia, Silva Ana Paula, Gonçalves Berta
Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV, I.P.), Pólo de Alcobaça, Estrada de Leiria, 2460-059 Alcobaça, Portugal.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Mar 26;9(4):410. doi: 10.3390/plants9040410.
Cracking of sweet cherry ( L.) fruits is caused by rain events close to harvest. This problem has occurred in most cherry growing regions with significant economic losses. Several orchard management practices have been applied to reduce the severity of this disorder, like the foliar application of minerals or growth regulators. In the present study, we hypothesized that preharvest spray treatments improve the physiological performance of sweet cherry trees and could also mitigate environmental stressful conditions. Effects of repeated foliar spraying of calcium (Ca), gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), glycine betaine (GB), and the biostimulant (AN) on the physiological and biochemical performance of 'Skeena' sweet cherry trees during two consecutive years (without Ca in 2015 and in 2016 with addition of Ca) were studied. Results showed that in general spray treatments improved the physiological performance and water status of the trees. AN and ABA sprays were demonstrated to be the best compounds for increasing yield and reducing cherry cracking as well as improving photosynthetic performance and leaf metabolites content. In conclusion, AN and ABA might be promising tools in the fruit production system.
甜樱桃（L.）果实开裂是由收获期临近时的降雨事件引起的。这个问题在大多数樱桃种植地区都有发生，造成了重大经济损失。已经采用了几种果园管理措施来减轻这种病害的严重程度，比如叶面喷施矿物质或生长调节剂。在本研究中，我们假设采前喷雾处理能改善甜樱桃树的生理性能，还能缓解环境胁迫条件。研究了连续两年（2015年不施钙，2016年添加钙）对‘斯基纳’甜樱桃树重复叶面喷施钙（Ca）、赤霉酸（GA）、脱落酸（ABA）、水杨酸（SA）、甘氨酸甜菜碱（GB）和生物刺激素（AN）对其生理生化性能的影响。结果表明，总体而言，喷雾处理改善了树的生理性能和水分状况。已证明喷施AN和ABA是提高产量、减少樱桃开裂以及改善光合性能和叶片代谢物含量的最佳化合物。总之，AN和ABA可能是水果生产系统中有前景的工具。
