Pennathur Priyadarshini R, Herwaldt Loreen A
1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 2132 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA.
2Department of Medicine, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA USA.
Curr Treat Options Infect Dis. 2017;9(2):230-249. doi: 10.1007/s40506-017-0123-y. Epub 2017 May 6.
Human factors engineering (HFE), with its focus on studying how humans interact with systems, including their physical and organizational environment, the tools and technologies they use, and the tasks they perform, provides principles, tools, and techniques for systematically identifying important factors, for analyzing and evaluating how these factors interact to increase or decrease the risk of Healthcare-associated infections (HAI), and for identifying and implementing effective preventive measures. We reviewed the literature on HFE and infection prevention and control and identified major themes to document how researchers and infection prevention staff have used HFE methods to prevent HAIs and to identify gaps in our knowledge about the role of HFE in HAI prevention and control. Our literature review found that most studies in the healthcare domain explicitly applying (HFE) principles and methods addressed patient safety issues not infection prevention and control issues. In addition, most investigators who applied human factors principles and methods to infection prevention issues assessed only one human factors element such as training, technology evaluations, or physical environment design. The most significant gap pertains to the limited use and application of formal HFE tools and methods. Every infection prevention study need not assess all components in a system, but investigators must assess the interaction of critical system components if they want to address latent and deep-rooted human factors problems.
人因工程学（HFE）专注于研究人类如何与系统相互作用，包括其物理和组织环境、使用的工具和技术以及执行的任务，它提供了原则、工具和技术，用于系统地识别重要因素，分析和评估这些因素如何相互作用以增加或降低医疗相关感染（HAI）的风险，以及识别和实施有效的预防措施。我们回顾了关于人因工程学和感染预防与控制的文献，并确定了主要主题，以记录研究人员和感染预防人员如何使用人因工程学方法预防医疗相关感染，以及找出我们在人因工程学在医疗相关感染预防与控制中的作用方面的知识差距。我们的文献综述发现，医疗领域中大多数明确应用人因工程学原则和方法的研究关注的是患者安全问题，而非感染预防与控制问题。此外，大多数将人因工程学原则和方法应用于感染预防问题的研究人员只评估了一个人因工程学要素，如培训、技术评估或物理环境设计。最显著的差距在于正式的人因工程学工具和方法使用及应用有限。每项感染预防研究不必评估系统中的所有组件，但如果研究人员想要解决潜在的、根深蒂固的人因工程学问题，就必须评估关键系统组件之间的相互作用。
