Aravamudhan Sridhar, Awasthi Smita
Behavior Momentum India, 407, 7th Main, 80 ft. Road, HRBR Layout, Bangalore, 560043 India.
Behav Anal Pract. 2019 Jun 20;13(1):174-185. doi: 10.1007/s40617-019-00362-5. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Children with autism are at a higher risk of being affected by speech disorders and often require remedial intervention. Eikeseth and Nesset (Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 36(3), 325-337, 2003) used sufficient-response exemplar training of vocal imitation in conjunction with prompting, chaining, and shaping procedures to successfully teach 2 typically developing children to articulate several Norwegian words with blends. The present study extends and adapts these procedures to children with autism. Participants were TA, an 11-year-old boy, and KS, a 15-year-old girl, both with autism and speech sound disorders. For each participant, 3 sets of 10 words with specific blends in the initial position were targeted for training. Vocal imitation training with within-stimulus prompts was used for both participants. For KS, lip-tongue-teeth position prompts and chaining were added during the training of certain words. A multiple-baseline across-behaviors (word sets with target blends) design demonstrated improvement in the articulation of trained words and generalization of correct articulation to untrained words with both participants. The findings suggest that speech sound disorders in children with autism can be addressed with behavioral interventions.
患有自闭症的儿童受言语障碍影响的风险更高，通常需要进行补救干预。艾克塞思和内塞特（《应用行为分析杂志》，第36卷第3期，第325 - 337页，2003年）运用了充分反应示范训练法进行语音模仿，并结合提示、连锁和塑造程序，成功教会了2名发育正常的儿童清晰说出几个带有辅音连缀的挪威语单词。本研究将这些程序扩展并应用于患有自闭症的儿童。参与者是TA，一名11岁男孩，以及KS，一名15岁女孩，两人均患有自闭症和语音障碍。针对每位参与者，选取了3组每组10个在词首带有特定辅音连缀的单词进行训练。两名参与者都采用了带有刺激内提示的语音模仿训练。对于KS，在某些单词的训练过程中增加了唇舌齿位置提示和连锁训练。一种跨行为（带有目标辅音连缀的单词组）多基线设计表明，两名参与者在经过训练的单词发音方面都有改善，并且正确发音能够泛化到未训练的单词上。研究结果表明，自闭症儿童的语音障碍可以通过行为干预来解决。
