Department of Clinical Nutrition, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
CeRMS Labortory of Tumor Immunology, University of Turin, Italy.
Nutrition. 2020 Jun;74:110749. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110749. Epub 2020 Jan 29.
Breast cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer in women. Increasing survival rates shift attention to preventive strategies. Obesity and intestinal microbiota composition may be associated with BC. A Mediterranean diet (MD) proved to be protective. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of probiotics in addition to an MD versus diet alone in influencing gut microbiota and metabolic profile in overweight BC survivors.
A total of 34 BC survivors were randomly assigned to an MD for 4 mo plus 1 sachet/d of probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum BB536, Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001) for the first 2 mo (intervention group, n = 16) or an MD alone for 4 mo (control group, n = 18). Anthropometric and nutritional assessments, adherence to the MD, compliance with physical activity, and metabolic parameters dosage were performed at baseline (T0), at 2 mo (T2), and at 4 mo (T4). Intestinal microbiota analysis was performed at T0 and T2.
After 2 mo of probiotic administration the number of bacterial species (P = 0.01) and the bacterial diversity assessed with the Chao1 index (P = 0.004) significantly increased; no significant variations were detected after diet alone. The Bacteroidetes-to-Firmicutes ratio significantly decreased in the intervention group and increased in controls (P = 0.004). Significant reductions of body weight, body mass index, fasting glucose, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were identified at T4 in both groups; in the intervention group waist circumference (P = 0.012), waist-to-hip ratio (P = 0.045), and fasting insulin (P = 0.017) also significantly decreased.
Probiotics in addition to an MD positively influence gut microbiota and improve metabolic and anthropometric parameters compared with an MD alone.
乳腺癌（BC）是女性最常见的癌症。存活率的提高使人们关注预防策略。肥胖和肠道微生物组成可能与 BC 有关。地中海饮食（MD）已被证明具有保护作用。本研究旨在评估益生菌在 MD 基础上的功效，与单独饮食相比，其对超重 BC 幸存者的肠道微生物群和代谢特征的影响。
共 34 名 BC 幸存者被随机分为 MD 饮食 4 个月加前 2 个月每天 1 包益生菌（长双歧杆菌 BB536、鼠李糖乳杆菌 HN001）组（干预组，n=16）或 MD 饮食 4 个月组（对照组，n=18）。在基线（T0）、2 个月（T2）和 4 个月（T4）时进行人体测量和营养评估、MD 饮食依从性、体力活动依从性和代谢参数检测。在 T0 和 T2 时进行肠道微生物分析。
益生菌治疗 2 个月后，细菌种类数量（P=0.01）和用 Chao1 指数评估的细菌多样性（P=0.004）显著增加；单独饮食后未检测到显著变化。干预组的拟杆菌门/厚壁菌门比值显著降低，对照组则增加（P=0.004）。两组在 T4 时体重、体重指数、空腹血糖和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估显著降低；干预组的腰围（P=0.012）、腰臀比（P=0.045）和空腹胰岛素（P=0.017）也显著降低。
与单独 MD 饮食相比，益生菌联合 MD 饮食可积极影响肠道微生物群，并改善代谢和人体测量参数。
