Wei Dan, Wu Qing-Hua, Liu Yu-Ping, Tang Xue-Mei, Ren Chao-Xiang, Chen Jiang, Pei Jin
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research,Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources Chengdu 611137,China Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137,China.
Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137,China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2019 Dec;44(24):5405-5412. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190916.305.
Magnolia Officinalis Cortex has been used as a traditional Chinese herb for thousands of years in China. According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the processing of Magnolia Officinalis Cortex needs " sweating" or " Fahan",which was a special drying process and considered to be an important symbol for high quality and genuine medicinal materials. In this unique processing mode,Magnolia Officinalis Cortex's microbial community structure may be changed,but little is known about microbial diversity during the " sweating". In this study,to analyze the change and its change rules of microbial community of Magnolia Officinalis Cortex in the whole process of " sweating",and find out the microbial community that affects the quality of Magnolia Officinalis Cortex in the process of its " sweating",and provide a basis for further research on the microbial transformation of Magnolia Officinalis Cortex,MiSeq highthroughput sequencing was used to evaluate the microbial diversity of natural " sweating" of Magnolia Officinalis Cortex. In this research,334 genera fungi and 674 genera bacteria were identified. The dominant species weren' t obvious during the early stage of " sweating". Candida was the dominant fungal species( 45. 01%-71. 93%) during the medium " sweating" stage. Aspergillus is the dominant fungal species( 45. 83%-95. 51%) during the late stage of " sweating". Moreover,Enterobacter and Klebsiella were the primary bacterial genus( ≥56. 05%) during the middle and late stages of " sweating". In addition,the predominant bacteria in the process of " sweating" included Bacillus,Deinococcus,Sphingomonas,Hymenobacter and Jatrophihabitans. In conclusion,the microbial diversities and the main dominant fungi and bacteria in the process of " sweating" of Magnolia Officinalis Cortex were initially determined. It was also found that the metabolism of Aspergillus and Candida may be related to the character formation,which were sweet odor and brown inner surface after " sweating". The results provide a theoretical basis for the study of the influence of different microorganisms on the excellent traits formation of " sweating" Magnolia Officinalis Cortex.
厚朴在中国作为传统中药已使用了数千年。根据《中国药典》，厚朴的炮制需要“发汗”，这是一种特殊的干燥过程，被认为是高品质和道地药材的重要标志。在这种独特的炮制方式下，厚朴的微生物群落结构可能会发生变化，但对于“发汗”过程中的微生物多样性了解甚少。在本研究中，为了分析厚朴在“发汗”全过程中微生物群落的变化及其变化规律，找出影响厚朴“发汗”过程中质量的微生物群落，为进一步研究厚朴的微生物转化提供依据，采用MiSeq高通量测序技术对厚朴自然“发汗”的微生物多样性进行评估。在本研究中，鉴定出334属真菌和674属细菌。“发汗”前期优势物种不明显。在“发汗”中期，念珠菌是优势真菌物种（45.01%-71.93%）。在“发汗”后期，曲霉是优势真菌物种（45.83%-95.51%）。此外，肠杆菌和克雷伯菌是“发汗”中、后期的主要细菌属（≥56.05%）。另外，“发汗”过程中的优势细菌包括芽孢杆菌、嗜辐射球菌、鞘氨醇单胞菌、栖菌属和麻风树栖菌属。总之，初步确定了厚朴“发汗”过程中的微生物多样性以及主要优势真菌和细菌。还发现曲霉和念珠菌的代谢可能与性状形成有关，即“发汗”后气味香甜、内表面呈褐色。研究结果为探讨不同微生物对“发汗”厚朴优良性状形成的影响提供了理论依据。
