Botha Christo J, Ackerman Louis G J, Masango Mxolisi G, Arnot Luke F
Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2020 Mar 5;87(1):e1-e4. doi: 10.4102/ojvr.v87i1.1712.
Diplodiosis is an important neuromycotoxicosis of ruminants in South Africa when grazing on harvested maize fields in winter. It is believed to be caused by mycotoxin(s) synthesised by Stenocarpella (Diplodia) maydis. Although several metabolites have been isolated from S. maydis culture material, none of these have been administered to ruminants to reproduce the disease. The objectives of this study were to isolate diplodiatoxin and to administer it to juvenile goats. Diplodiatoxin, considered as a major metabolite, was purified from S. maydis-infected maize cultures (Coligny 2007 isolate). Following intravenous administration of 2 mg and 4 mg diplodiatoxin/kg body weight for five consecutive days to two juvenile goats, no clinical signs reminiscent of diplodiosis were observed. Based on previous experimental results and if diplodiatoxin was the causative compound, the dosage regimen employed was seemingly appropriate to induce diplodiosis. In addition, intraruminal administration of 2 mg/kg diplodiatoxin to one goat for three consecutive days also did not induce clinical signs. It appears as if diplodiatoxin alone is not the causative compound. Other metabolites and/or mixtures of diplodiatoxin and other mycotoxins, when available in sufficient quantities, should also be evaluated.
在南非，双极蠕孢菌病是反刍动物在冬季采食收割后的玉米田时发生的一种重要的神经霉菌毒素中毒病。据信该病由玉米小斑病菌（双极蠕孢菌）合成的霉菌毒素引起。尽管已从玉米小斑病菌培养物中分离出几种代谢产物，但尚未将其中任何一种用于反刍动物以重现该病。本研究的目的是分离双极蠕孢毒素并将其给予幼年山羊。双极蠕孢毒素被认为是一种主要代谢产物，从感染玉米小斑病菌的玉米培养物（科利尼2007分离株）中纯化得到。对两只幼年山羊连续五天静脉注射2毫克/千克和4毫克/千克体重的双极蠕孢毒素后，未观察到类似双极蠕孢菌病的临床症状。根据先前的实验结果，如果双极蠕孢毒素是致病化合物，所采用的给药方案似乎适合诱发双极蠕孢菌病。此外，对一只山羊连续三天瘤胃内注射2毫克/千克双极蠕孢毒素也未诱发临床症状。似乎仅双极蠕孢毒素不是致病化合物。其他代谢产物和/或双极蠕孢毒素与其他霉菌毒素的混合物，若有足够数量，也应进行评估。
