Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Occupational Health Unit, Helsinki, Finland.
Contact Dermatitis. 2020 Jul;83(1):1-7. doi: 10.1111/cod.13547. Epub 2020 Apr 29.
Although occupational contact urticaria (CU) and protein contact dermatitis (PCD) are considered frequent among workers with exposure to proteinaceous materials, data on occupations at risk and the main causes of these occupational skin diseases are relatively limited.
To report the causative agents and risk occupations for CU and PCD in the Finnish Register of Occupational Diseases (FROD).
We retrieved from the FROD all recognized cases of CU/PCD in the years 2005-2016.
With 570 cases, CU and PCD constituted 11% of all recognized cases of occupational skin diseases in the study period. Occupations with the highest incidence of CU/PCD included bakers, chefs and cooks, farmers and farm workers, veterinarians, gardeners, and hairdressers. The most common causative agents were cow dander and flour and grain, followed by natural rubber latex (NRL) and other food. In food-related occupations, wheat and other flours were by far the most common cause of CU/PCD, with 76 cases, whereas fish and other animal-derived food caused 33 and other plant-derived food caused 23 cases.
Apart from the Finnish peculiarity of cow dander allergy, a striking finding was a large share of CU/PCD caused by flours in food handlers as compared to other food.
尽管职业性接触性荨麻疹（CU）和蛋白接触性皮炎（PCD）被认为是接触蛋白性物质的工人中常见的疾病，但有关高危职业和这些职业性皮肤病的主要病因的数据相对有限。
报告芬兰职业病登记处（FROD）中 CU 和 PCD 的致病因子和高危职业。
我们从 FROD 中检索了 2005 年至 2016 年期间所有确诊的 CU/PCD 病例。
570 例 CU 和 PCD 占研究期间所有职业性皮肤病确诊病例的 11%。CU/PCD 发病率最高的职业包括面包师、厨师、农民和农场工人、兽医、园丁和理发师。最常见的致病因子是牛毛屑和面粉及谷物，其次是天然橡胶乳胶（NRL）和其他食物。在与食物相关的职业中，小麦和其他面粉是造成 CU/PCD 的最常见原因，有 76 例，而鱼类和其他动物源性食物引起 33 例，其他植物源性食物引起 23 例。
除了芬兰特有的对牛毛屑过敏外，一个显著的发现是，与其他食物相比，食品处理人员中由面粉引起的 CU/PCD 比例很大。
