Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Lancet Public Health. 2019 Aug;4(8):e421-e430. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30133-1. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
The built environment can affect health behaviours, but longitudinal evidence is limited. We aimed to examine the effect of moving into East Village, the former London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games Athletes' Village that was repurposed on active design principles, on adult physical activity and adiposity.
In this cohort study, we recruited adults seeking new accommodation in East Village and compared physical activity and built environment measures with these data in control participants who had not moved to East Village. At baseline and after 2 years, we objectively measured physical activity with accelerometry and adiposity with body-mass index and bioimpedance, and we assessed objective measures of and participants' perceptions of change in their built environment. We examined the change in physical activity and adiposity between the East Village and control groups, after adjusting for sex, age group, ethnicity, housing tenure, and household (as a random effect).
We recruited participants for baseline assessment between Jan 24, 2013, and Jan 7, 2016, and we followed up the cohort after 2 years, between Feb 24, 2015, and Oct 24, 2017. At baseline, 1819 households (one adult per household) consented to initial contact by the study team. 1278 adults (16 years and older) from 1006 (55%) households participated at baseline; of these participants, 877 (69%) adults from 710 (71%) households were assessed after 2 years, of whom 441 (50%) participants from 343 (48%) households had moved to East Village. We found no effect associated with moving to East Village on daily steps, the time spent doing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (either in total or in 10-min bouts or more), daily sedentary time, body-mass index, or fat mass percentage between participants who had moved to East Village and those in the control group, despite sizeable improvements in walkability and neighbourhood perceptions of crime and quality among the East Village group relative to their original neighbourhood at baseline.
Despite large improvements in neighbourhood perceptions and walkability, we found no clear evidence that moving to East Village was associated with increased physical activity. Improving the built environment on its own might be insufficient to increase physical activity.
National Institute for Health Research and National Prevention Research Initiative.
建筑环境会影响健康行为，但纵向证据有限。我们旨在研究搬到东村（前伦敦 2012 年奥运会和残奥会运动员村，根据积极的设计原则重新规划）对成年人身体活动和肥胖的影响。
在这项队列研究中，我们招募了在东村寻找新住所的成年人，并将他们的身体活动和建筑环境测量数据与未搬到东村的对照组参与者的数据进行比较。在基线和 2 年后，我们使用加速度计客观测量身体活动，使用身体质量指数和生物阻抗测量身体脂肪，评估参与者对其建筑环境变化的感知。我们在调整性别、年龄组、种族、住房保有量和家庭（作为随机效应）后，比较了东村组和对照组之间身体活动和肥胖的变化。
我们于 2013 年 1 月 24 日至 2016 年 1 月 7 日进行了基线评估参与者招募，并在 2 年后，即 2015 年 2 月 24 日至 2017 年 10 月 24 日进行了随访。基线时，有 1819 户家庭（每户一名成年人）同意研究小组进行初步联系。来自 1006 户家庭的 1278 名成年人（16 岁及以上）参加了基线调查；其中，来自 710 户家庭的 877 名成年人（69%）在 2 年后接受了评估，其中来自 343 户家庭的 441 名参与者（48%）搬到了东村。我们发现，与对照组相比，搬到东村的参与者每天的步数、进行中到剧烈身体活动的时间（无论是总时间还是 10 分钟的活动时间或更长时间）、每天久坐时间、身体质量指数或脂肪百分比并没有显著变化，尽管东村组的步行性和对犯罪和质量的邻里感知有了相当大的改善，而这些指标在基线时是他们原来的邻里。
尽管邻里感知和步行性有了很大改善，但我们没有发现明显的证据表明搬到东村与身体活动增加有关。仅改善建筑环境可能不足以增加身体活动。
英国国家卫生研究院和国家预防研究倡议。
