Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 31;17(7):2384. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072384.
Recent research has suggested that the breadth and evenness of activity and activity diversity contribute to health outcomes among older adults. However, few established assessment tools for activity diversity have been developed. This study developed an Activity Diversity Questionnaire (ADQ) for older adults through expert consultation and a preliminary survey among 18 community-dwelling older adults. The diversity score was calculated according to Shannon's entropy. In study 1, the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the diversity scores were determined for community-dwelling older adults ( = 30). In study 2, concurrent validity was tested with participants receiving comprehensive health checkups at the Itabashi ward in Japan in 2018 ( = 766). The correlation coefficients of the diversity scores were then calculated in reference to the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence. The final version of the ADQ consisted of 20 total items with excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.84) and moderate correlations with both the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (r = 0.48 and 0.60, respectively). The ADQ was developed through scientific procedures and revealed sufficient reliability and validity. As such, it is a scientifically validated tool for assessing activity diversity among older adults.
最近的研究表明，活动的广度和均匀度以及活动多样性对老年人的健康结果有贡献。然而，目前已经开发出的用于评估活动多样性的工具并不多。本研究通过专家咨询和对 18 名社区居住的老年人进行初步调查，为老年人开发了一个活动多样性问卷（ADQ）。多样性得分是根据香农熵计算的。在研究 1 中，社区居住的老年人的多样性得分的组内相关系数（ICC）为 30。在研究 2 中，同时使用了 2018 年在日本板桥区接受全面健康检查的参与者进行了效标效度检验（n=766）。然后，根据东京都高龄者研究所能力指数和日本科学技术振兴机构能力指数，计算了多样性得分的相关系数。ADQ 的最终版本由 20 个总项目组成，具有极好的重测信度（ICC=0.84），与东京都高龄者研究所能力指数和日本科学技术振兴机构能力指数均有中度相关（r=0.48 和 0.60）。ADQ 是通过科学程序开发的，具有足够的信度和效度。因此，它是评估老年人活动多样性的一种科学验证工具。
