Cheng Yujia, Yu Guang, Zhang Xiaohong, Yu Boyang
Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528400, China.
Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Mar 21;13(6):1432. doi: 10.3390/ma13061432.
In this article, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was used as a matrix polymer, the Micro-ZnO and Nano-ZnO particles were used as the inorganic filler. With the melt blending method, the Nano-ZnO/LDPE(Nano-ZnO particles doping into LDPE), Micro-ZnO/LDPE(Micro-ZnO particles doping into LDPE) and Micro-Nano-ZnO/LDPE (Nano-ZnO and Micro-ZnO particles doping into LDPE in the same time) composites were prepared. Then, the inorganic filler and the composites were dealt with structural characterizations and analysis by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Polarization microscope (PLM), and Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Besides, these samples were dealt with (alternating current) AC breakdown performance test. The micro-experimental results showed that the Micro-ZnO and Nano-ZnO particles doping reduced the crystal size and increased the crystallization rate. With the change of cell structure, the crystallinity of composites increased. The crystallinity order of different samples was as follows: LDPE < Micro-ZnO/LDPE < Nano-ZnO/LDPE < Micro-Nano-ZnO/LDPE. From the breakdown of the experimental result, with the same mass fraction of the different inorganic doping of particles, the breakdown strength of these composites was different. The Nano-ZnO particle doping could improve the breakdown strength of composites effectively. Among them, the breakdown strength of Nano-ZnO/LDPE and Micro-Nano-ZnO/LDPE were 11% higher and 1.3% lower than that of pure LDPE, respectively. Meanwhile, the breakdown strength of Micro-composite was the lowest but its Weibull shape coefficient was the highest. Therefore, the Micro-ZnO doping was helpful for the Nano-ZnO dispersing in the matrix, which produced the Micro-Nano-synergy effects better.
在本文中，低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）被用作基体聚合物，微米级氧化锌（Micro-ZnO）和纳米级氧化锌（Nano-ZnO）颗粒被用作无机填料。采用熔融共混法制备了纳米氧化锌/低密度聚乙烯（纳米氧化锌颗粒掺杂到低密度聚乙烯中）、微米氧化锌/低密度聚乙烯（微米氧化锌颗粒掺杂到低密度聚乙烯中）和微米-纳米氧化锌/低密度聚乙烯（纳米氧化锌和微米氧化锌颗粒同时掺杂到低密度聚乙烯中）复合材料。然后，通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、偏光显微镜（PLM）和差示扫描量热仪（DSC）对无机填料和复合材料进行结构表征与分析。此外，对这些样品进行了交流（AC）击穿性能测试。微观实验结果表明，微米氧化锌和纳米氧化锌颗粒的掺杂减小了晶体尺寸并提高了结晶速率。随着泡孔结构的变化，复合材料的结晶度增加。不同样品的结晶度顺序如下：LDPE＜微米氧化锌/低密度聚乙烯＜纳米氧化锌/低密度聚乙烯＜微米-纳米氧化锌/低密度聚乙烯。从击穿实验结果来看，在不同无机掺杂颗粒质量分数相同的情况下，这些复合材料的击穿强度不同。纳米氧化锌颗粒掺杂能有效提高复合材料的击穿强度。其中，纳米氧化锌/低密度聚乙烯和微米-纳米氧化锌/低密度聚乙烯的击穿强度分别比纯LDPE高11%和低1.3%。同时，微米复合材料的击穿强度最低但其威布尔形状系数最高。因此，微米氧化锌掺杂有助于纳米氧化锌在基体中分散，能更好地产生微纳协同效应。
