Kosik Miriam, Burlayenko Oleksandr, Rockstuhl Carsten, Fernandez-Corbaton Ivan, Słowik Karolina
Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100, Torun, Poland.
Department of Physics and Technology, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
Sci Rep. 2020 Apr 3;10(1):5879. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62629-0.
The photonic environment can significantly influence emission properties and interactions among atomic systems. In such scenarios, frequently the electric dipole approximation is assumed that is justified as long as the spatial extent of the atomic system is negligible compared to the spatial variations of the field. While this holds true for many canonical systems, it ceases to be applicable for more contemporary nanophotonic structures. To go beyond the electric dipole approximation, we propose and develop in this article an analytical framework to describe the impact of the photonic environment on emission and interaction properties of atomic systems beyond the electric dipole approximation. Particularly, we retain explicitly magnetic dipolar and electric quadrupolar contributions to the light-matter interactions. We exploit a field quantization scheme based on electromagnetic Green's tensors, suited for dispersive materials. We obtain expressions for spontaneous emission rate, Lamb shift, multipole-multipole shift and superradiance rate, all being modified with dispersive environment. The considered influence could be substantial for suitably tailored nanostructured photonic environments, as demonstrated exemplarily.
光子环境会显著影响原子系统的发射特性及相互作用。在这种情况下,通常会假设电偶极近似,只要原子系统的空间范围与场的空间变化相比可忽略不计,该近似就是合理的。虽然这对许多典型系统成立,但对于更现代的纳米光子结构就不再适用了。为了超越电偶极近似,我们在本文中提出并开发了一个分析框架,以描述光子环境对超越电偶极近似的原子系统发射和相互作用特性的影响。特别地,我们明确保留了磁偶极和电四极对光与物质相互作用的贡献。我们利用基于电磁格林张量的场量子化方案,该方案适用于色散材料。我们得到了自发发射率、兰姆位移、多极 - 多极位移和超辐射率的表达式,所有这些都因色散环境而有所改变。如示例所示,对于适当定制的纳米结构光子环境,所考虑的影响可能很大。