Physiology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Drug Res (Stuttg). 2020 May;70(5):214-225. doi: 10.1055/a-1136-6806. Epub 2020 Apr 3.
The reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability accelerates atherosclerosis development, augments lipolysis, elevates blood pressure and upregulate leukocyte level. This study was designed to examine the biochemical constituents of fractions of (PB) leaf, their effect on blood pressure, serum lipid contents and complete blood count in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats.
Male Wistar rats were grouped into control and hypertensive groups. The hypertensive group was pretreated with 60 mg/kg b.w of L-NAME (L-NAME60) daily for two weeks. They were then randomly sub-grouped into: Hypertensive (H), Hypertensive+n-hexane fraction (HHF), Hypertensive+dichloromethane fraction (HDF), Hypertensive+ethyl acetate fraction (HEF) and Hypertensive+aqueous fraction (HAF) groups. These were orally gavaged with L-NAME60 and L-NAME60+200 mg/kg b.w of fractions of PB respectively, daily for two weeks.
The biochemical components analysis of the fractions of PB identified numerous polar and non polar compounds like alkaloids, organic acids and esters. The results showed a significant increase in NO level in HHF and HEF groups compared to H. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very LDL-C were significantly decreased in HAF group compared to H. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased significantly and atherogenic indices decreased significantly in HHF, HDF and HAF groups compared to H, while reduced glutathione level increased significantly in HHF group compared to H. White blood cells count effectively decreased in HEF group compared to H.
In brief, the fractions of PB leaf increased HDL-C and NO, and decrease atherogenic indices in L-NAME treated rats.
一氧化氮（NO）生物利用度的降低会加速动脉粥样硬化的发展，增强脂肪分解，升高血压并增加白细胞水平。本研究旨在研究（PB）叶的各馏分的生化成分，及其对 NG-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）高血压大鼠血压、血清脂质含量和全血细胞计数的影响。
雄性 Wistar 大鼠分为对照组和高血压组。高血压组用 60mg/kg bw 的 L-NAME（L-NAME60）预处理两周。然后，它们被随机分为：高血压组（H）、高血压+正己烷馏分组（HHF）、高血压+二氯甲烷馏分组（HDF）、高血压+乙酸乙酯馏分组（HEF）和高血压+水馏分组（HAF）。这些组分别用 L-NAME60 和 L-NAME60+200mg/kg bw 的 PB 叶馏分组灌胃，每天一次，共两周。
PB 叶馏分的生化成分分析鉴定出了许多极性和非极性化合物，如生物碱、有机酸和酯类。结果表明，与 H 相比，HHF 和 HEF 组的 NO 水平显著升高。与 H 相比，HAF 组的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C）显著降低。与 H 相比，HHF、HDF 和 HAF 组的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）显著增加，致动脉粥样硬化指数显著降低，而 HHF 组的谷胱甘肽水平显著升高。与 H 相比，HEF 组的白细胞计数显著降低。
总之，PB 叶馏分可增加 L-NAME 处理大鼠的 HDL-C 和 NO，并降低致动脉粥样硬化指数。
