Department of Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71121 Foggia, Italy.
Food Res Int. 2020 May;131:108995. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.108995. Epub 2020 Jan 10.
The Geographical origin of agri-food products has become astrategic tool of differentiation: it is a unique attribute which makes products difficult to reproduce, and presumed to be a quality cue for agri-food products. Consumer studies on the relevance of geographical labelling provide heterogeneous evidence on the relevance of this extrinsic attribute as compared to the relevance of other product characteristics. A systematic review of consumer studies on the relevance of geographical labelling has been conducted, and collected data have been quantitatively analysed through a meta-regression approach, in order to assess drivers of differences in relevance of geographical labelling across studies. An ad hoc index has been built to measure the relevance of geographical labelling as compared to other attributes of a product. Several chosen control factors allowed to explain differences in the relevance of geographical label across studies in terms of characteristics of studies (structural heterogeneity), methodological issues (methodological heterogeneity), and publication processes. Results show that the relevance of geographical label, although not biased by publication selection, is influenced by the structural characteristics of studies and, to a lower extent, by issues related to the publication process. In particular, the attitude of consumers towards geographical labels tend to be product- and origin-specific: geographical labelling is the main differentiation tool for expensive products (e.g., wine), but is of low relevance for several countries depending on country-specific factors (e.g., nationality, culture, image and reputation). Managerial and policy implications are provided.
它是一种独特的属性，使产品难以复制，并被认为是农产品的质量线索。关于地理标签相关性的消费者研究提供了关于这种外在属性与其他产品特征相关性的异质证据。对关于地理标签相关性的消费者研究进行了系统回顾，并通过元回归方法对收集的数据进行了定量分析，以评估在研究中地理标签相关性差异的驱动因素。构建了一个专门的指数来衡量地理标签相对于产品其他属性的相关性。选择了几个控制因素，以便根据研究的特征（结构异质性）、方法问题（方法学异质性）和出版过程来解释地理标签相关性在研究之间的差异。结果表明，尽管地理标签的相关性不受出版选择的影响，但它受到研究结构特征的影响，在较小程度上受到与出版过程相关的问题的影响。特别是，消费者对地理标签的态度往往是针对产品和原产地的：地理标签是昂贵产品（如葡萄酒）的主要差异化工具，但对于某些国家来说，由于特定于国家的因素（如国籍、文化、形象和声誉），地理标签的相关性较低。提供了管理和政策方面的影响。
