Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, Behavioral Health System, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Nat Neurosci. 2020 May;23(5):600-610. doi: 10.1038/s41593-020-0611-0. Epub 2020 Apr 6.
There have been dramatic changes worldwide in the attitudes toward and consumption of recreational and medical cannabis. Cannabinoid receptors, which mediate the actions of cannabis, are abundantly expressed in brain regions known to mediate neural processes underlying reward, cognition, emotional regulation and stress responsivity relevant to addiction vulnerability. Despite debates regarding potential pathological consequences of cannabis use, cannabis use disorder is a clinical diagnosis with high prevalence in the general population and that often has its genesis in adolescence and in vulnerable individuals associated with psychiatric comorbidity, genetic and environmental factors. Integrated information from human and animal studies is beginning to expand insights regarding neurobiological systems associated with cannabis use disorder, which often share common neural characteristics with other substance use disorders, that could inform prevention and treatment strategies.
在全球范围内，人们对娱乐性和医用大麻的态度和消费方式发生了巨大变化。大麻素受体在大脑区域中大量表达，这些区域介导与成瘾易感性相关的奖励、认知、情绪调节和应激反应的神经过程。尽管关于大麻使用可能带来的潜在病理后果存在争议，但大麻使用障碍是一种临床诊断，在普通人群中发病率很高，而且通常起源于青少年和易患精神共病、遗传和环境因素的个体。来自人类和动物研究的综合信息开始扩展与大麻使用障碍相关的神经生物学系统的见解，这些系统通常与其他物质使用障碍具有共同的神经特征，这可以为预防和治疗策略提供信息。
