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INTRODUCTION

The medicinal plant marshmallow L. (), is used for the treatment of cough since centuries. Application of medicinal extracts of marshmallow roots shows immediate effects like a protective film on the inflamed mucosa. Because the soothing layer reduce irritation of the mucous system, a faster regeneration is supported by defense mechanisms required to protect the respiratory tract from environmental injury. Macrophages (MΦ), which belong to a group of multipurpose defensive cells, provide the first line of defense against mucosal invasive pathogens. The present study was performed to investigate, whether the herbal medicinal product has anti-inflammatory or anti-oxidative effects on pro-inflammatorily activated MΦ or after oxidative stress induction. Special attention should be payed to elucidate the effects of on the mechanism of intracellular defense as well as on migratory capacity of the MΦ.

RESULTS

Treatment of PMA-differentiated human THP-1 MΦ with Phytohustil increased their viability without affecting the cell number. Phytohustil or root extracts of (REAo) - an active component of Phytohustil - were able to protect human MΦ against HO-induced cytotoxicity and HO-induced ROS production. Phytohustil, REAo or diclofenac used as anti-inflammatory reference substance, inhibited the LPS-induced release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as well as of IL6 in MΦ. Treatment with Phytohustil, its excipients or REAo did not impair the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Finally, Phytohustil and REAo activated the migratory capacity of MΦ.

CONCLUSION

The present investigations indicate protective, i.e., anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of REAo and Phytohustil, additionally improving the migratory capacity of MΦ. These antiinflammatory effects were similar or even better than diclofenac. Thus, our data support and may explain the positive effect of Phytohustil observed in patients during the therapy of inflamed buccal mucosal membranes or treatment of cough.

INTRODUCTION

RESULTS

CONCLUSION

引言

药用植物药蜀葵（Althaea officinalis L.），几个世纪以来一直用于治疗咳嗽。药蜀葵根提取物的应用显示出即时效果，如在发炎的粘膜上形成保护膜。由于舒缓层减少了粘液系统的刺激，呼吸道抵御环境损伤所需的防御机制支持了更快的再生。巨噬细胞（MΦ）属于多功能防御细胞群体，是抵御粘膜侵袭性病原体的第一道防线。本研究旨在调查这种草药产品对促炎激活的MΦ或氧化应激诱导后是否具有抗炎或抗氧化作用。应特别关注阐明其对细胞内防御机制以及MΦ迁移能力的影响。

结果

用Phytohustil处理经佛波酯（PMA）分化的人THP-1 MΦ可提高其活力，而不影响细胞数量。Phytohustil或药蜀葵根提取物（REAo，Phytohustil的一种活性成分）能够保护人MΦ免受过氧化氢（HO）诱导的细胞毒性和HO诱导的活性氧（ROS）产生。Phytohustil、REAo或用作抗炎参考物质的双氯芬酸抑制了MΦ中脂多糖（LPS）诱导的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）以及白细胞介素-6（IL6）的释放。用Phytohustil、其辅料或REAo处理不会损害线粒体膜电位（MMP）。最后，Phytohustil和REAo激活了MΦ的迁移能力。