Hu Xinchao, Mao Chengyuan, Fan Liyuan, Luo Haiyang, Hu Zhengwei, Zhang Shuo, Yang Zhihua, Zheng Huimin, Sun Huifang, Fan Yu, Yang Jing, Shi Changhe, Xu Yuming
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan, China.
Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan, China.
Stem Cells Int. 2020 Mar 12;2020:1061470. doi: 10.1155/2020/1061470. eCollection 2020.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The molecular mechanisms of PD at the cellular level involve oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, axonal transport, and neuroinflammation. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with patient-specific genetic background are capable of directed differentiation into dopaminergic neurons. Cell models based on iPSCs are powerful tools for studying the molecular mechanisms of PD. The iPSCs used for PD studies were mainly from patients carrying mutations in synuclein alpha (), leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (), PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (), parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (), cytoplasmic protein sorting 35 (), and variants in glucosidase beta acid (). In this review, we summarized the advances in molecular mechanisms of Parkinson's disease using iPSC models.
帕金森病（PD）是第二常见的神经退行性疾病。PD在细胞水平的分子机制涉及氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍、自噬、轴突运输和神经炎症。具有患者特异性遗传背景的诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）能够定向分化为多巴胺能神经元。基于iPSC的细胞模型是研究PD分子机制的有力工具。用于PD研究的iPSC主要来自携带α-突触核蛋白、富亮氨酸重复激酶2、PTEN诱导激酶1、帕金RBR E3泛素蛋白连接酶、胞质蛋白分选35突变的患者，以及β-酸性葡萄糖苷酶变体。在本综述中，我们总结了使用iPSC模型在帕金森病分子机制方面的进展。
