整合医疗药学服务的质量指标：基于德尔菲法制定指标的范围综述
Quality Indicators of Pharmaceutical Care for Integrative Healthcare: A Scoping Review of Indicators Developed Using the Delphi Technique.
作者信息
Shawahna Ramzi
机构信息
Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, State of Palestine.
An-Najah Biosciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, State of Palestine.
出版信息
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 19;2020:9131850. doi: 10.1155/2020/9131850. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Recently, measuring and benchmarking provision of healthcare services has drawn a considerable attention. This scoping review was conducted to identify, describe, and summarize studies in which the Delphi technique was used to develop quality indicators of pharmaceutical care. The study also aimed to identify activities and services that could be used to capture the impact of pharmacist in integrative medicine.
METHODS
Databases were searched from inception to February 2020 using key terms that were combined using Boolean operators. Studies were included if they were relevant to development of quality indicators of pharmaceutical care with regard to medications or complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities. Full text of the selected studies was imported into EndNote. Studies were screened and data were extracted into a standard extraction form.
RESULTS
Data were extracted from 31 studies. Of those, 24 (77.4%) were related to provision of pharmaceutical services relevant to medications and 7 (22.6%) were related to provision of care using CAM modalities. Most of the studies (67.7%) were published in 2010 and beyond. Almost half of the studies (48.4%) originated from the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada. A total of 42 different activities and services that could be used as quality indicators were identified from the studies included in this review. Activities and services were related to history taking, performing reconciliations, identifying and resolving therapy problems, providing collaborative care, designing care plans, optimal performance, and continuing education.
CONCLUSIONS
Although there is an increasing interest in improving healthcare delivery, quality indicators of pharmaceutical services and those relevant to CAM provision in healthcare facilities adopting the integrated healthcare paradigm are still limited. Future studies are needed to develop validated quality indicators that could be successfully used in measuring and benchmarking quality of services in integrated healthcare facilities.
背景
最近，医疗服务的衡量和基准化受到了相当大的关注。本范围综述旨在识别、描述和总结使用德尔菲技术制定药学服务质量指标的研究。该研究还旨在确定可用于衡量药师在整合医学中作用的活动和服务。
方法
使用布尔运算符组合的关键词，对从数据库创建到2020年2月的文献进行检索。如果研究与药物治疗或补充替代医学（CAM）模式的药学服务质量指标的制定相关，则纳入研究。将所选研究的全文导入EndNote。对研究进行筛选，并将数据提取到标准提取表格中。
结果
从31项研究中提取了数据。其中，24项（77.4%）与药物相关的药学服务提供有关，7项（22.6%）与使用CAM模式提供护理有关。大多数研究（67.7%）发表于2010年及以后。几乎一半的研究（48.4%）来自美国、英国和加拿大。从本综述纳入的研究中总共确定了42种可作为质量指标的不同活动和服务。活动和服务与病史采集、进行核对、识别和解决治疗问题、提供协作护理、设计护理计划、优化绩效和继续教育有关。
结论
尽管人们对改善医疗服务的兴趣日益浓厚，但在采用综合医疗模式的医疗机构中，药学服务质量指标以及与CAM提供相关的指标仍然有限。未来需要开展研究，以制定经过验证的质量指标，这些指标可成功用于衡量和基准化综合医疗机构的服务质量。
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