Makharza Sami, Cirillo Giuseppe, Bachmatiuk Alicja, Vittorio Orazio, Mendes Rafael Gregorio, Oswald Steffen, Hampel Silke, Rümmeli Mark H
IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
J Mater Chem B. 2013 Nov 28;1(44):6107-6114. doi: 10.1039/c3tb21090a. Epub 2013 Oct 9.
Nanographene oxides (NGO) with well-defined sizes were produced from graphite via chemical exfoliation and separated into three different size distributions (300 nm, 200 nm, and 100 nm) using intense sonication and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Prior to carboplatin (CP) loading, the NGO was functionalized with zero generation polyamidoamide (PAMAM) which renders improved dispersibility and stability of the nanocarrier platform in physiological media. Cell viability tests were conducted on pristine NGO samples with average widths of 200 nm and 300 nm that showed a cytotoxic effect on HeLa cancer cells and mesenchymal stem cells at low (50 μg ml) and high (100 μg ml) concentrations, while the pristine NGO sample with an average width of 100 nm revealed no significant cytotoxicity at 50 μg ml, and only recorded a 10% level at 100 μg ml. After functionalization with PAMAM, the carrier was found to be able to deliver carboplatin to the cancer cells, by enhancing the drug anticancer efficiency. Moreover, the carboplatin loaded NGO carrier shows no significant effect on the viability of mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) even at high concentration (100 μg ml).
通过化学剥离法从石墨制备出尺寸明确的纳米氧化石墨烯（NGO），并利用高强度超声处理和蔗糖密度梯度离心法将其分离成三种不同的尺寸分布（300纳米、200纳米和100纳米）。在负载卡铂（CP）之前，用零代聚酰胺 - 胺（PAMAM）对NGO进行功能化处理，这使得纳米载体平台在生理介质中的分散性和稳定性得到改善。对平均宽度为200纳米和300纳米的原始NGO样品进行细胞活力测试，结果表明在低浓度（50微克/毫升）和高浓度（100微克/毫升）时，其对HeLa癌细胞和间充质干细胞具有细胞毒性作用，而平均宽度为100纳米的原始NGO样品在50微克/毫升时未显示出明显的细胞毒性，在100微克/毫升时仅记录到10%的细胞毒性水平。用PAMAM进行功能化处理后，发现该载体能够通过提高药物抗癌效率将卡铂递送至癌细胞。此外，负载卡铂的NGO载体即使在高浓度（100微克/毫升）下对间充质干细胞（hMSCs）的活力也没有显著影响。
