Gbinigie Kome, Frie Kerstin
GP and Doctoral Researcher, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Post-Doctoral Researcher, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
BJGP Open. 2020 Jun 23;4(2). doi: 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101069. Print 2020.
On the 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that COVID-19 was a pandemic. To date, there are no medical treatments for COVID-19 with proven effectiveness. Novel treatments and/or vaccines will take time to be developed and distributed to patients. In light of this, there has been growing interest in the use of existing medications, such as chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), as potential treatments of this disease.
To establish the current evidence for the effectiveness of CQ and HCQ in treating COVID-19.
DESIGN & SETTING: A rapid review of the literature was conducted.
Electronic searches in PubMed and Google Scholar were conducted on 21 March 2020. A further search was conducted in Google for relevant literature on 28 March 2020.
There is limited evidence of in vitro activity of CQ/HCQ against SARS-CoV-2. A number of in vivo clinical trials are underway. The empirical data available from two of these trials reveal conflicting results. Both trials are characterised by small numbers of participants ( = 30 and = 36) and suffer methodological limitations. No medium or long-term follow-up data is available.
At present, there is insufficient evidence to determine whether CQ/HCQ are safe and effective treatments for COVID-19. High quality, adequately powered randomised clinical trials in primary and secondary care settings are urgently required to guide policymakers and clinicians. These studies should report medium- and long-term follow-up results, and safety data.
2020年3月11日，世界卫生组织（WHO）宣布新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）为大流行病。迄今为止，尚无经证实有效的COVID-19医学治疗方法。新型治疗方法和/或疫苗的研发及分发给患者尚需时日。鉴于此，人们越来越关注使用现有药物，如氯喹（CQ）和羟氯喹（HCQ），作为该疾病的潜在治疗方法。
确定CQ和HCQ治疗COVID-19有效性的现有证据。
对文献进行快速综述。
于2020年3月21日在PubMed和谷歌学术上进行电子检索。2020年3月28日在谷歌上进一步检索相关文献。
关于CQ/HCQ对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的体外活性证据有限。多项体内临床试验正在进行中。其中两项试验的经验数据显示结果相互矛盾。两项试验的特点都是参与者数量少（分别为30例和36例），且存在方法学局限性。尚无中长期随访数据。
目前，尚无足够证据确定CQ/HCQ是否为COVID-19的安全有效治疗方法。迫切需要在初级和二级护理环境中开展高质量、有足够样本量的随机临床试验，以指导政策制定者和临床医生。这些研究应报告中长期随访结果及安全性数据。
