School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China.
Department of Contact Lens Clinic, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China.
Clin Exp Optom. 2021 Jan;104(1):22-27. doi: 10.1111/cxo.13067.
The effects of orthokeratology (Ortho-K) on myopic eyes was examined, providing confidence to optometrists applying Ortho-K to high myopic and anisometropic children.
Ortho-K slows the progression of low to moderate myopia. The effectiveness of Ortho-K in Chinese children with fellow moderate and high myopic eyes was determined.
This retrospective study included female (n = 35) and male (n = 30) children with moderate myopia in one eye (spherical equivalent refractive (SER) error ≤ -3.00 D, but > -6.00 D) and high myopia in the contralateral eye (SER error ≤ -6.00 D). Three age groups were included: 7-10-years (n = 18), 11-12-years (n = 21), and 13-15-years (n = 26). Baseline refraction and axial lengths were measured before fitting Ortho-K lenses worn nightly for at least eight-hours, and after one-year.
Axial length increased 0.14 ± 0.13-mm (mean ± standard deviation) and 0.13 ± 0.16-mm in the moderate and high myopic groups respectively (p = 0.78). For females, axial elongation in the moderate and high myopic groups was 0.10 and 0.08-mm respectively. For males, it was 0.19-mm in both groups. Axial elongation in 7-10-year-old children with moderate and high myopic eyes was 0.24 ± 0.14 and 0.21 ± 0.15-mm respectively. In 11-12-year-old children, it was 0.12-mm in both myopic groups. In 13-15-year-old children, it was 0.09-mm in both groups. In moderate myopic eyes, axial elongation in the youngest group was greater than the other two age groups (p < 0.01). In high myopic eyes, there were no differences among the age groups (p = 0.06).
Ortho-K was equally effective in reducing myopic progression in moderate and in contralateral high myopic eyes. Axial elongation was greater for males than females. For both sexes, it decreased at the same rate with increasing age, regardless of difference in myopia.
本研究旨在观察角膜塑形术（Ortho-K）对近视眼的影响，为验配师在为高度近视和屈光参差的儿童应用 Ortho-K 治疗时提供信心。
Ortho-K 可减缓中低度近视的进展。本研究旨在确定 Ortho-K 在伴有中度和高度近视的中国儿童中的有效性。
本回顾性研究纳入了单眼中度近视（等效球镜屈光度（SER）误差≤-3.00 D，但>-6.00 D）和对侧眼高度近视（SER 误差≤-6.00 D）的女性（n=35）和男性（n=30）儿童。纳入了三个年龄组：7-10 岁（n=18）、11-12 岁（n=21）和 13-15 岁（n=26）。在夜间佩戴 Ortho-K 镜片至少 8 小时之前和一年后，测量基线屈光度和眼轴长度。
中高度近视组的眼轴长度分别增加了 0.14±0.13-mm（平均值±标准差）和 0.13±0.16-mm（p=0.78）。对于女性，中度和高度近视组的眼轴伸长分别为 0.10 和 0.08-mm。对于男性，两组均为 0.19-mm。7-10 岁中度和高度近视眼的眼轴伸长分别为 0.24±0.14 和 0.21±0.15-mm。11-12 岁儿童，两组眼轴伸长均为 0.12-mm。13-15 岁儿童，两组眼轴伸长均为 0.09-mm。在中度近视眼中，最小年龄组的眼轴伸长大于其他两个年龄组（p<0.01）。在高度近视眼中，三个年龄组之间无差异（p=0.06）。
Ortho-K 对中度和对侧高度近视眼的近视进展均有同样的减缓效果。男性的眼轴伸长大于女性。对于男女，无论近视程度如何，眼轴伸长都以相同的速度随年龄增长而减少。
