Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-561, Poland.
Ophthalmology Clinic, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-561, Poland.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 Apr 6;56(4):164. doi: 10.3390/medicina56040164.
The global epidemic of diabetes, especially type 2 (DM2), is related to lifestyle changes, obesity, and the process of population aging. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most serious complication of the eye caused by diabetes. The aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in north-east Poland. : The eye fundus was assessed on the basis of two-field 50 degrees color fundus photographs that showed the optic nerve and macula in the center after the pupil was dilated with 1% tropicamide. : The experimental group included 315 (26%) patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and 894 (74%) patients with DM2. DM1 patients were diagnosed with DR in 32.58% of cases, with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) in 24.44% of cases, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in 1.59% of cases, diabetic macular edema (DME) in 5.40% of cases, and PDR with DME in 0.95% of cases. DR was found in DM2 patients in 23.04% of cases, NPDR in 17.11% of cases, PDR in 1.01% of cases, DME in 4.81% of cases, and PDR with DME in 0.11% of cases. : The presented study is the first Polish study on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy presenting a large group of patients, and its results could be extrapolated to the whole country. Diabetic retinopathy was found in 25.48% of patients in the whole experimental group. The above results place Poland within the European average, indicating the quality of diabetic care offered in Poland, based on the number of observed complications.
全球糖尿病流行，尤其是 2 型糖尿病（DM2），与生活方式改变、肥胖和人口老龄化有关。糖尿病性视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病引起的最严重的眼部并发症。本研究旨在评估波兰东北部 1 型和 2 型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率。
眼底通过散瞳后 1%托吡卡胺眼底 50 度双视野彩色照片进行评估，显示视神经和黄斑中心。
实验组包括 315 例（26%）1 型糖尿病（DM1）患者和 894 例（74%）2 型糖尿病患者。DM1 患者中 32.58%诊断为 DR，其中非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）占 24.44%，增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）占 1.59%，糖尿病性黄斑水肿（DME）占 5.40%，PDR 合并 DME 占 0.95%。DM2 患者中，DR 占 23.04%，NPDR 占 17.11%，PDR 占 1.01%，DME 占 4.81%，PDR 合并 DME 占 0.11%。
本研究是波兰首次对大量患者进行的糖尿病视网膜病变患病率研究，其结果可推广至全国。实验组中 25.48%的患者患有糖尿病视网膜病变。上述结果表明波兰处于欧洲平均水平，表明波兰提供的糖尿病护理质量良好，基于观察到的并发症数量。
