Kiani Qamar, Farooqui Fareeha, Khan Muhammad Sohaib, Khan Aoun Z, Nauman Tariq Muhammad, Akhtar Aisha
General and Colorectal Surgery, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Islamabad, PAK.
Surgery, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Islamabad, PAK.
Cureus. 2020 Mar 5;12(3):e7188. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7188.
Gall stone disease (GSD) is one of the commonest gastrointestinal disorders. Causative factors can be non-modifiable as genetics and modifiable like dietary habits. High-fat diet and high BMI are well known contributing factors world-over. Local and regional data is deficient about these factors. Moreover, Indo-Pakistani dietary patterns are very different from the western population. This study was conducted to see the association of high BMI and diet with GSD in our population.
This case-control study was conducted in Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, from 2012 to 2017. We included all female patients above 25 years of age with symptomatic gall stones on ultrasonography as cases and all females above 25 years of age with no gall stones on ultrasonography (done for any reason) as controls. The patients with gall stones having some other clear predisposing cause for gallstone formation, e.g., stoma, sudden weight loss, etc. were excluded. BMI, demographic details, dietary habits, and clinical profile of cases and controls were recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS v 21. p-values were calculated.
A total of 396 patients were included in this study, with 103 cases and 293 controls. The mean BMI of GSD cases was 27.576±5.753, while controls had a mean BMI of 25.638±7.008 (p=0.08). About 26.4% of cases had an average fat consumption greater than 100g/day as compared to 11.9% controls (p=0.035). The average red meat intake per week was 222g among cases while 210g among controls (p=0.001). The average intake of fried food per week was 270g among controls and 250g among cases (p=0.012). The average intake of bakery items per week was 240g among cases and 210g among controls (p=0.038).
Gall stone disease is significantly related to high BMI and high dietary fat and meat intake in our population.
胆结石病（GSD）是最常见的胃肠道疾病之一。致病因素可能是不可改变的，如遗传因素，也可能是可改变的，如饮食习惯。高脂肪饮食和高体重指数（BMI）是全球公认的促成因素。关于这些因素的本地和区域数据不足。此外，印度 - 巴基斯坦的饮食模式与西方人群有很大不同。本研究旨在观察高BMI和饮食与我国人群胆结石病之间的关联。
本病例对照研究于2012年至2017年在伊斯兰堡的希法国际医院进行。我们纳入了所有25岁以上经超声检查有症状胆结石的女性患者作为病例组，以及所有25岁以上经超声检查（因任何原因进行）无胆结石的女性作为对照组。排除有其他明确的胆结石形成易感因素的患者，如造口、体重突然减轻等。记录病例组和对照组的BMI、人口统计学细节、饮食习惯和临床特征。数据采用SPSS v 21进行分析，并计算p值。
本研究共纳入396例患者，其中103例为病例组，293例为对照组。胆结石病病例组的平均BMI为27.576±5.753，而对照组的平均BMI为25.638±7.008（p = 0.08）。约26.4%的病例平均每日脂肪摄入量超过100克，而对照组为11.9%（p = 0.035）。病例组每周红肉平均摄入量为222克，对照组为210克（p = 0.001）。对照组每周油炸食品平均摄入量为270克，病例组为250克（p = 0.012）。病例组每周烘焙食品平均摄入量为240克，对照组为210克（p = 0.038）。
在我国人群中，胆结石病与高BMI以及高饮食脂肪和肉类摄入量显著相关。
