Aronson Ian D, Freeman Robert, Taylor Tonya, Bennett Alex S
Research, Digital Health Empowerment, Brooklyn, USA.
Health Communication, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, USA.
Cureus. 2020 Mar 8;12(3):e7209. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7209.
Rates of undiagnosed youth human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain problematically high across the United States and internationally. In addition, youth HIV test rates remain consistently low, and youth with HIV remain undiagnosed for longer periods of time as compared with older populations. Youth HIV remains especially persistent among African American adolescents and emerging adults, who are less likely to have consistent access to primary care and thus to HIV testing and prevention education. Therefore, increasing youth HIV test rates has become an important priority in emergency departments and other settings. At the same time, many young patients may not disclose risk behaviors or even engage in discussions of HIV testing when they interact with healthcare providers because they may fear being stigmatized. Technology-based interventions present valuable opportunities to reframe risk reporting and discussions of testing by designing computer-mediated interactions that young sexual and racial minority participants find non-judgmental and less threatening. If designed in accordance with empirically tested theories of instructional design/multimedia learning and established models of behavior change, technology-based interventions can increase the number of HIV tests offered to young people and offer testing in nonthreatening ways that more young people will accept. The current paper describes a hyper-iterative methodology used to develop the Mobile Augmented Screening (MAS) tool, a technology-based intervention designed to destigmatize HIV and increase HIV test rates among youth.
在美国乃至全球,未被诊断出感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的青少年比例一直居高不下,令人担忧。此外,青少年HIV检测率持续低迷,与年长人群相比,感染HIV的青少年被确诊的时间也更长。在非裔美国青少年和刚成年的人群中,HIV感染情况尤为顽固,他们获得初级医疗保健的机会较少,因此也较少接受HIV检测和预防教育。所以,提高青少年HIV检测率已成为急诊科和其他医疗机构的重要优先事项。与此同时,许多年轻患者在与医疗服务提供者交流时,可能不会透露风险行为,甚至不愿参与HIV检测的讨论,因为他们可能担心受到歧视。基于技术的干预措施提供了宝贵的机会,通过设计计算机介导的互动方式,让年轻的性少数群体和少数族裔参与者感到无偏见且威胁性较小,从而重新构建风险报告和检测讨论。如果根据经过实证检验的教学设计/多媒体学习理论以及既定的行为改变模型进行设计,基于技术的干预措施可以增加为年轻人提供的HIV检测数量,并以更能让年轻人接受的、无威胁性的方式提供检测。本文描述了一种用于开发移动增强筛查(MAS)工具的超迭代方法,这是一种基于技术的干预措施,旨在消除对HIV的污名化,并提高青少年的HIV检测率。