Jan Maxime, O'Hara Bruce F, Franken Paul
Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40515, USA.
F1000Res. 2020 Mar 27;9. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.22028.1. eCollection 2020.
Sleep is a ubiquitous and complex behavior in both its manifestation and regulation. Despite its essential role in maintaining optimal performance, health, and well-being, the genetic mechanisms underlying sleep remain poorly understood. Here, we review the forward genetic approaches undertaken in the last four years to elucidate the genes and gene pathways affecting sleep and its regulation. Despite an increasing number of studies and mining large databases, a coherent picture on "sleep" genes has yet to emerge. We highlight the results achieved by using unbiased genetic screens mainly in humans, mice, and fruit flies with an emphasis on normal sleep and make reference to lessons learned from the circadian field.
睡眠在其表现形式和调节方面都是一种普遍存在且复杂的行为。尽管睡眠在维持最佳表现、健康和幸福方面起着至关重要的作用，但睡眠背后的遗传机制仍知之甚少。在这里，我们回顾了过去四年中为阐明影响睡眠及其调节的基因和基因途径而采用的正向遗传学方法。尽管研究数量不断增加且挖掘了大量数据库，但关于“睡眠”基因的连贯图景尚未形成。我们重点介绍了主要在人类、小鼠和果蝇中使用无偏遗传筛选所取得的结果，重点关注正常睡眠，并参考了从昼夜节律领域学到的经验教训。
