Shimizu Aya, Arimitsu Takeshi, Harada Kana, Ozawa Mio
Maternal Nursing and Midwifery, Graduate School of Nursing, Osaka Metropolitan University, Habikino, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Pediatr. 2025 Jan 3;12:1512917. doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1512917. eCollection 2024.
The Japan Association of Neonatal Nursing evaluated the pain care provided by parents to their infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). However, further collaborations with families based on family-centered care are necessary to clarify the parental intentions and requests regarding pain care for their infants. This study aimed to describe the experiences and content of nonpharmacological pain care provided by parents to their infants, the intentions and requests of parents regarding each type of recommended pain care (irrespective of whether they had provided pain care at the NICU), and the reasons for their hesitation to implement specific pain management methods.
A total of 108 parents with NICU-hospitalized infants, including 66 (65.6%) infants with a birth weight of <1,000 g, voluntarily responded to an anonymous self-administered online electronic survey. Sociodemographic and clinical data were quantitatively analyzed.
In our study population, 30.6% ( = 33) had provided pain care to their infants, 56.5% ( = 61) hoped to provide pain care in the future, and 40.7% ( = 44) expected advice for pain care options from healthcare professionals (HCPs). Swaddling, facilitated tucking, and skin-to-skin contact were the most popular options (≥60%). By contrast, the use of sucrose and breastfeeding (both 13.0%), skin-to-skin contact (7%), and use of expressed breast milk and non-nutritive sucking (both 3.7%) were less frequently used due to indifference or doubts, lack of knowledge about pain care, differences between recommended pain care methods and parental values, and pain care methods being inappropriate for the child's condition.
This survey demonstrated that when parents provide pain care for their children in the NICU, they are required to make choices based on the advice and knowledge offered by HCPs, taking into account the diverse values of parents as well as the overall condition of their infant and their breastfeeding status. Therefore, we suggest that HCPs support parents in choosing not only the recommended care but also the most appropriate pain care for the condition of their infant.
日本新生儿护理协会评估了父母为入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的婴儿提供的疼痛护理情况。然而，有必要基于以家庭为中心的护理进一步与家庭合作，以明确父母对其婴儿疼痛护理的意图和要求。本研究旨在描述父母为其婴儿提供的非药物性疼痛护理的经历和内容、父母对每种推荐疼痛护理类型的意图和要求（无论他们是否在NICU提供过疼痛护理）以及他们对实施特定疼痛管理方法犹豫不决的原因。
共有108名婴儿入住NICU的父母自愿回复了一份匿名的在线电子自填式调查问卷，其中包括66名（65.6%）出生体重<1000g的婴儿。对社会人口统计学和临床数据进行了定量分析。
在我们的研究人群中，30.6%（n = 33）的父母为其婴儿提供过疼痛护理，56.5%（n = 61）的父母希望未来提供疼痛护理，40.7%（n = 44）的父母期望从医疗保健专业人员（HCPs）那里获得疼痛护理选择方面的建议。襁褓包裹、舒适包裹和皮肤接触是最受欢迎的选择（≥60%）。相比之下，由于漠不关心或存在疑虑、缺乏疼痛护理知识、推荐的疼痛护理方法与父母价值观存在差异以及疼痛护理方法不适用于孩子的病情，蔗糖使用和母乳喂养（均为13.0%）、皮肤接触（7%）以及挤奶和非营养性吸吮的使用（均为3.7%）较少被采用。
本次调查表明，当父母在NICU为其孩子提供疼痛护理时，他们需要根据HCPs提供的建议和知识，同时考虑父母的不同价值观以及婴儿的整体状况和母乳喂养情况来做出选择。因此，我们建议HCPs不仅要支持父母选择推荐的护理方法，还要为其婴儿的状况选择最合适的疼痛护理方法。
