Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.
Mamm Genome. 2020 Jun;31(5-6):134-145. doi: 10.1007/s00335-020-09835-3. Epub 2020 Apr 11.
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and contributes to global morbidity and mortality mediated via the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular (CVD) and other diseases. It is a consequence of an elevated caloric intake, a sedentary lifestyle and a genetic as well as an epigenetic predisposition. This review summarizes changes in DNA methylation and microRNAs identified in blood cells and different tissues in obese human and rodent models. It includes information on epigenetic alterations which occur in response to fat-enriched diets, exercise and metabolic surgery and discusses the potential of interventions to reverse epigenetic modifications.
肥胖是一种全球性的流行病，通过导致非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD)、2 型糖尿病 (T2D)、心血管疾病 (CVD) 和其他疾病，对全球发病率和死亡率产生影响。肥胖是由于热量摄入增加、生活方式久坐不动以及遗传和表观遗传易感性所致。本综述总结了在肥胖的人类和啮齿动物模型的血细胞和不同组织中发现的 DNA 甲基化和 microRNAs 的变化。它包括了对富含脂肪的饮食、运动和代谢手术所产生的表观遗传改变的信息，并讨论了干预措施逆转表观遗传修饰的潜力。
