Amjad Muhammad
Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.
Int J Microbiol. 2020 Mar 24;2020:8135724. doi: 10.1155/2020/8135724. eCollection 2020.
Gastrointestinal infectious diseases are very common worldwide and an important cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in infants in developing countries. Diarrhea and other intestinal infections are caused by a wide range of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasites. Conventional diagnosis of these infections is performed by culture, microscopy, and antigen detection immunoassays. The traditional culture and microscopy procedures are time-consuming, lack sensitivity, and require special laboratory setup and well-trained staff. However, based on the advancement in the molecular diagnostics and with the introduction of commercially available tests, traditional diagnostic techniques have been continuously replaced by these newer rapid antigen detection and molecular-based methods. This review summarizes and discusses the availability, advantages, and disadvantages of molecular methods in the detection and identification of human gastrointestinal pathogens.
胃肠道传染病在全球范围内非常常见，是发病和死亡的重要原因，在发展中国家的婴儿中尤为如此。腹泻和其他肠道感染是由多种细菌、病毒、原生动物和寄生虫引起的。这些感染的传统诊断方法是通过培养、显微镜检查和抗原检测免疫测定法进行的。传统的培养和显微镜检查程序耗时、缺乏敏感性，需要特殊的实验室设置和训练有素的工作人员。然而，随着分子诊断技术的进步以及商业可用检测方法的引入，传统诊断技术不断被这些更新的快速抗原检测和基于分子的方法所取代。本综述总结并讨论了分子方法在检测和鉴定人类胃肠道病原体方面的可用性、优点和缺点。
