Bayu Desalegn, Egata Gudina, Kefale Bereket, Jemere Tadeg
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Int J Reprod Med. 2020 Mar 27;2020:1540318. doi: 10.1155/2020/1540318. eCollection 2020.
Infertility is the inability to become pregnant after one year of sexual intercourse without the use of contraception. Epidemiological data suggest that 10 to 15% of couples around the world are suffering from infertility. The exact meaning of marriage is mainly fulfilled if the couple conceives and bears children. Failure of this often leads to unhappy married lives, divorces, and high levels of psychiatric morbidity. There is scarcity of data about determinants of infertility in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the determinants of infertility among married women attending Dessie Referral Hospital and Dr. Misganaw gynecology and obstetrics specialty clinic, Dessie, Ethiopia, 2019.
An institution-based case-control study was conducted on 281 participants. The participants were selected by a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analyses. Variables with < 0.25 in bivariable logistic regression were entered into multivariable logistic regression. Odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval was estimated to measure the direction and strength of the association. The level of statistical significance was set at < 0.05.
The determinants of women's infertility were age at the first pregnancy (AOR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.105, 7.564), age at menarche (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.278, 7.975), menstruation flow in days (AOR = 4.17; 95% CI: 0.062, 0.929), multiple sexual partners (AOR = 5.33; 95% CI: 2.124, 13.397), and history of STI (AOR = 2.79; 95% CI: 1.088, 7.159).
Age at the first pregnancy, age at menarche, multiple sexual partners, number of days of menstruation flow, and history of STI were determinants of women's infertility. Infertility may bring about unhappy married lives, divorces, and high levels of psychiatric morbidity. Therefore, couples need to have heath education about risk factors for infertility.
不孕症是指在未采取避孕措施的情况下，经过一年的性生活仍无法怀孕。流行病学数据表明，全球10%至15%的夫妇患有不孕症。如果夫妻能够受孕并生育子女，婚姻的真正意义才能得到主要体现。而这一点的失败往往会导致婚姻生活不幸福、离婚以及高精神疾病发病率。埃塞俄比亚关于不孕症决定因素的数据匮乏。因此，本研究的目的是确定2019年在埃塞俄比亚德西转诊医院和德西米斯加纳夫妇产科专科诊所就诊的已婚妇女中不孕症的决定因素。
对281名参与者进行了一项基于机构的病例对照研究。参与者采用系统随机抽样技术选取。使用结构化访谈问卷收集数据。数据录入EpiData 3.1版本，并导出到SPSS 23版本进行分析。在双变量逻辑回归中小于0.25的变量进入多变量逻辑回归。估计比值比及其95%置信区间以衡量关联的方向和强度。统计学显著性水平设定为小于0.05。
女性不孕症的决定因素包括首次怀孕年龄（比值比=2.89；95%置信区间：1.105，7.5 [原文此处有误，应为7.564]）、初潮年龄（比值比=3.2；95%置信区间：1.278，7.975）、月经天数（比值比=4.17；95%置信区间：0.062，0.929）、多个性伴侣（比值比=5.33；95%置信区间：2.124，13.397）以及性传播感染史（比值比=2.79；95%置信区间：1.088，7.159）。
首次怀孕年龄、初潮年龄、多个性伴侣、月经天数以及性传播感染史是女性不孕症的决定因素。不孕症可能导致婚姻生活不幸福、离婚以及高精神疾病发病率。因此，夫妻需要接受关于不孕症危险因素的健康教育。
