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埃塞俄比亚公共和私营银行工作人员预防 COVID-19 的口罩佩戴行为及其相关因素。

Facemask-wearing behavior to prevent COVID-19 and associated factors among public and private bank workers in Ethiopia.

机构信息

Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2021 Dec 1;16(12):e0259659. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259659. eCollection 2021.


DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0259659
PMID:34851973
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8635365/
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Given widespread vulnerability to COVID-19 infection in areas with low vaccination rates, facemask wearing is repeatedly emphasized for the general population including bank workers, who have contact with many customers each day. Over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, studies focused on facemask wearing among healthcare workers but not among bank workers, who are also at risk of COVID-19. To address this gap and to consider intervention measures that encourage the wearing of facemasks, this study was conducted to identify behaviors of facemask wearing and associated factors among bank workers in Dessie City, Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 413 bank workers who were selected using a simple random sampling technique from January 1st to 30th, 2021 in Dessie City, Ethiopia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and on-the-spot observational checklist. The collected data were checked, coded and entered to EpiData version 4.6 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 for data cleaning and analysis. Data were analyzed using bivariable (crude odds ratio [COR]) and multivariable (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]) logistic regression model at 95% confidence interval (CI). Variables from the bivariable analysis with a p-value <0.25 were considered for multivariable analysis. Then, variables that had a p-value <0.05 were declared as factors significantly associated with behavior of facemask wearing. MAIN FINDINGS: In this study, the behavior of facemask wearing among bank workers was 50.4% [95%CI: 45.3-55.2%] with 21.1% always wearing a facemask, 72.4% sometimes, and 6.5% never. A majority of the bank workers 350 (84.7%) had good knowledge of COVID-19 and half of them 208 (50.4%) had a positive attitude towards taking precautions against COVID-19. Just over two-thirds of the respondents 284 (68.8%) preferred to wear a non-medical mask. Two hundred fifty-five (61.7%) said wearing a facemask interfered with communication and 259 (62.7%) felt that wearing a facemask was not comfortable. Facemask-wearing behavior was significantly associated with a high level of positive attitude towards taking precautions against COVID-19 (AOR = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.75-6.11), the perception that the consequences of getting COVID-19 could be serious (AOR = 4.87, 95% CI: 2.38-9.94), the presence of chronic illness (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.07-4.48), sex being female (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.06-3.32) and age being greater or equal to 35 years (AOR = 9.25, 95% CI: 4.79-17.88). CONCLUSION: The main finding of the study showed that the behavior of facemask wearing among bank workers was relatively low (50.4%) compared to other types of workers as found in other studies. To increase the behavior of facemask wearing among bank workers, health decision makers need to develop updated guidance for promotion of facemask wearing to increase the practical and appropriate use of facemasks among bank workers. Bank managers and concerned government bodies should enforce mask use to change behavior of these workers.

摘要

背景:在疫苗接种率低的地区,COVID-19 感染的风险普遍较高,因此包括每天接触大量客户的银行工作人员在内的一般人群都被反复强调要佩戴口罩。在 COVID-19 大流行的第一年,研究主要集中在医护人员佩戴口罩的情况,但没有涉及银行工作人员,他们也有感染 COVID-19 的风险。为了弥补这一空白,并考虑鼓励佩戴口罩的干预措施,本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚德西市银行工作人员佩戴口罩的行为及其相关因素。

材料与方法:这是一项在埃塞俄比亚德西市的一项基于机构的横断面研究,于 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 30 日期间,采用简单随机抽样技术,从 413 名银行工作人员中选取。使用结构化问卷和现场观察清单收集数据。收集的数据经过检查、编码和录入到 EpiData 版本 4.6,并导出到统计软件包(SPSS)版本 25.0 进行数据清理和分析。使用双变量(粗比值比 [COR])和多变量(调整比值比 [AOR])逻辑回归模型在 95%置信区间(CI)分析数据。单变量分析中 p 值 <0.25 的变量被认为是多变量分析的候选变量。然后,p 值 <0.05 的变量被宣布为与口罩佩戴行为显著相关的因素。

主要发现:在这项研究中,银行工作人员佩戴口罩的行为为 50.4%(95%CI:45.3-55.2%),其中 21.1%的人始终佩戴口罩,72.4%的人有时佩戴口罩,6.5%的人从不佩戴口罩。大多数银行工作人员(84.7%)对 COVID-19 有很好的了解,其中一半(50.4%)对预防 COVID-19 有积极的态度。超过三分之二的受访者(68.8%)更喜欢佩戴非医用口罩。255 人(61.7%)表示佩戴口罩会影响沟通,259 人(62.7%)觉得佩戴口罩不舒服。口罩佩戴行为与对预防 COVID-19 的高度积极态度显著相关(AOR = 3.27,95%CI:1.75-6.11),对感染 COVID-19 后果可能严重的认知(AOR = 4.87,95%CI:2.38-9.94),患有慢性疾病(AOR = 2.19,95%CI:1.07-4.48),女性(AOR = 1.87,95%CI:1.06-3.32)和年龄大于或等于 35 岁(AOR = 9.25,95%CI:4.79-17.88)。

结论:研究的主要发现表明,与其他研究中发现的其他类型的工作人员相比,银行工作人员佩戴口罩的行为相对较低(50.4%)。为了增加银行工作人员佩戴口罩的行为,卫生决策者需要制定更新的指导方针,以促进口罩的使用,提高银行工作人员对口罩的实际和适当使用。银行管理人员和有关政府机构应强制要求这些工作人员佩戴口罩,以改变他们的行为。

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Facemask wearing to prevent COVID-19 transmission and associated factors among taxi drivers in Dessie City and Kombolcha Town, Ethiopia.

PLoS One. 2021

[2]
COVID-19 and the public response: Knowledge, attitude and practice of the public in mitigating the pandemic in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

PLoS One. 2021

[3]
Practice of COVID-19 Preventive Measures and Its Associated Factors among Students in Ghana.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020-12-7

[4]
Infection prevention and control during the COVID-19 pandemic: challenges and opportunities for Kenyan public hospitals.

Wellcome Open Res. 2020-9-10

[5]
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards COVID-19 Amongst Ethnic Minorities in Hong Kong.

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020-10-27

[6]
COVID-19: urgent actions, critical reflections and future relevance of 'WaSH': lessons for the current and future pandemics.

J Water Health. 2020-10

[7]
Who is wearing a mask? Gender-, age-, and location-related differences during the COVID-19 pandemic.

PLoS One. 2020-10-15

[8]
Perception and practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in an urban community in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

PeerJ. 2020-9-23

[9]
Commentary: Physiological and Psychological Impact of Face Mask Usage during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020-9-12

[10]
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Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2020-9-7

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