Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool.
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2020 Nov;34(7):783-792. doi: 10.1037/adb0000580. Epub 2020 Apr 13.
Inhibitory control training (ICT) is a novel psychological intervention that aims to improve inhibitory control in response to alcohol-related cues through associative learning. Laboratory studies have demonstrated reductions in alcohol consumption following ICT compared with control/sham training, but it is unclear if these effects are robust to a change of context. In a preregistered study, we examined whether the effects of ICT would survive a context shift from a neutral context to a seminaturalistic bar setting. In a mixed design, 60 heavy drinkers (40 female) were randomly allocated to receive either ICT or control/sham training in a neutral laboratory over 2 sessions. We developed a novel variation of ICT that used multiple stop signals to establish direct stimulus-stop associations. The effects of ICT/control were measured once in the same context and once following a shift to a novel (alcohol-related) context. Our dependent variables were ad libitum alcohol consumption following training, change in inhibitory control processes, and change in alcohol value. ICT did not reduce alcohol consumption in either context compared with the control group. Furthermore, we demonstrated no effects of ICT on inhibitory control processes or alcohol value. Bayesian analyses demonstrated overall support for the null hypotheses. This study failed to find any effects of ICT on alcohol consumption or candidate psychological mechanisms. These findings illustrate the difficulty in training alcohol-inhibition associations and add to a growing body of literature suggesting that ICT holds little evidential value as a psychological intervention for alcohol use disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
抑制控制训练（ICT）是一种新颖的心理干预措施，旨在通过联想学习改善对与酒精相关线索的抑制控制。实验室研究表明，与对照/假训练相比，ICT 后酒精摄入量减少，但尚不清楚这些效果是否能在环境变化的情况下保持稳定。在一项预先注册的研究中，我们检验了 ICT 的效果是否会在从中性环境转变为半自然酒吧环境时仍然存在。在一项混合设计中，60 名重度饮酒者（40 名女性）被随机分配在 2 个疗程中分别接受 ICT 或对照/假训练，均在中性实验室中进行。我们开发了一种新的 ICT 变体，使用多个停止信号来建立直接的刺激-停止关联。在相同的环境和转移到新的（与酒精相关的）环境后，分别测量 ICT/对照的效果。我们的因变量是训练后自由饮用的酒精量、抑制控制过程的变化和酒精价值的变化。与对照组相比，ICT 并没有减少两种环境下的酒精摄入量。此外，我们没有发现 ICT 对抑制控制过程或酒精价值有任何影响。贝叶斯分析总体上支持零假设。这项研究没有发现 ICT 对酒精消费或候选心理机制有任何影响。这些发现说明了训练酒精抑制关联的困难，并为越来越多的文献增添了证据，表明 ICT 作为一种治疗酒精使用障碍的心理干预措施几乎没有证据价值。
