Alimohammadi Iraj, Ahmadi Kanrash Fakhradin, Abolghasemi Jamileh, Shahbazi Ali, Afrazandeh Hanieh, Rahmani Kazem
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Basic Clin Neurosci. 2019 Sep-Oct;10(5):515-526. doi: 10.32598/bcn.10.5.513. Epub 2019 Sep 1.
Noise is an environmental stressor and can cause or exacerbate mental disorders, and affect the individual performance in certain conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of noise and smoking on the cognitive performance of the workers in the automotive industry.
This research is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design conducted on 300 workers randomly assigned into two groups of noise-exposed and nonexposed. They were examined using computerized tests, including the Tower of London test (TOL), Continuous Performance test (CPT), and Stroop test. The sound pressure levels were measured based on an 8-hour equal-loudness contour in each group according to ISO 9612 standard, using the Testo CEL-815 sound level meter.
The study of combined effects of noise and smoking on 12 CPT indicators using the 2-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicate that noise and smoking factors had a significant impact on the mean number of errors and correct responses in the third 50-stimuli stage, the mean number of errors and correct responses in the second 50-stimuli stage with P<0.001, P<0.001, P=0.012 and P<0.001 for smoking respectively, but only noise affected the other 7 indicators (P<0.001).
Smoking and noise have negative impacts on concentration, attention, and cognitive processing speed, which can lead to an individual's mistakes and delayed decision making at the workplace.
噪声是一种环境应激源，可导致或加剧精神障碍，并在某些情况下影响个人表现。本研究旨在评估噪声和吸烟对汽车行业工人认知表现的综合影响。
本研究为描述性分析研究，采用横断面设计，对300名工人进行研究，这些工人被随机分为噪声暴露组和非暴露组。使用计算机化测试对他们进行检查，包括伦敦塔测试（TOL）、连续性能测试（CPT）和斯特鲁普测试。根据ISO 9612标准，使用德图CEL-815声级计，在每组中基于8小时等响度曲线测量声压级。
使用双向方差分析（ANOVA）对噪声和吸烟对12个CPT指标的综合影响进行研究表明，噪声和吸烟因素对第三个50刺激阶段的平均错误数和正确反应数、第二个50刺激阶段的平均错误数和正确反应数有显著影响，吸烟的P值分别为P<0.001、P<0.001、P = 0.012和P < 0.001，但只有噪声影响其他7个指标（P<0.001）。
吸烟和噪声对注意力、专注力和认知处理速度有负面影响，这可能导致个人在工作场所犯错和决策延迟。
