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甲基苯丙胺成瘾者执行功能的评估：着重于成瘾持续时间和戒断情况。

Assessment of Executive Functions in Methamphetamine-addicted Individuals: Emphasis on Duration of Addiction and Abstinence.

作者信息

Farhadian Majid, Akbarfahimi Malahat, Hassani Abharian Peyman, Hosseini Seyedeh Golaleh, Shokri Susan

机构信息

Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Cognitive Rehabilitation, Institute for Cognitive Sciences Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Basic Clin Neurosci. 2017 Mar-Apr;8(2):147-153. doi: 10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.2.147.

DOI:10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.2.147
PMID:28539999
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5440924/
Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Several studies have conducted on impairments of executive functions in individuals with methamphetamine addiction; however, only a few have investigated the relationship between executive functions and duration of addiction or abstinence. This study was designed to assess the executive functions in methamphetamine-addicted individuals in relation to the duration of addiction or abstinence.

METHODS

A total of 161 subjects aged between 20 and 45 years were categorized into three subgroups: currently abusing (n=41), abstinent (n=60), and control healthy individuals (n=60). A battery of standardized executive function tasks, including Stroop test, Wisconsin Card Sorting test, and Tower of London task, were administered. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, analysis of variance, and post hoc Bonferroni test with SPSS16.0.

RESULTS

Methamphetamine-addicted and abstinent subjects performed worse than the controls. Methamphetamine-abstinent subjects performed better than the currently methamphetamine abusers in most executive functions. Duration of addiction and abstinence were correlated with executive dysfunctions.

CONCLUSION

This study revealed that although executive functions may be improved by protracted abstinence, executive dysfunctions are not completely relieved, and specific attention to planning and implementation of intervention programs are necessary.

摘要

引言

已有多项研究对甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的执行功能损害进行了探讨；然而，仅有少数研究调查了执行功能与成瘾或戒断持续时间之间的关系。本研究旨在评估甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的执行功能与成瘾或戒断持续时间之间的关系。

方法

将161名年龄在20至45岁之间的受试者分为三个亚组：当前滥用者（n = 41）、戒断者（n = 60）和健康对照个体（n = 60）。实施了一系列标准化的执行功能任务，包括斯特鲁普测试、威斯康星卡片分类测试和伦敦塔任务。使用Pearson相关系数、方差分析以及SPSS16.0软件进行的事后Bonferroni检验对数据进行分析。

结果

甲基苯丙胺成瘾者和戒断者的表现均不如对照组。在大多数执行功能方面，甲基苯丙胺戒断者的表现优于当前的甲基苯丙胺滥用者。成瘾和戒断持续时间与执行功能障碍相关。

结论

本研究表明，尽管长期戒断可能会改善执行功能，但执行功能障碍并未完全缓解，因此有必要特别关注干预计划的规划和实施。