University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Saskatoon Police Service, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020 Apr 13;22(5):22. doi: 10.1007/s11920-020-01146-3.
We provide a review and synthesis of the sexual offense treatment change literature with implications for dynamic sexual violence risk assessment and management. An argument is presented for the need for a dynamic approach in research and practice, and that for change to be prognostic, such changes need to be risk relevant and to come from credible change agents.
Extant research demonstrates that changes on psychologically meaningful dimensions of risk and need (e.g., sexual deviance; attitudes and cognitions; anger, aggression, and hostility) tend to be associated with reductions in sexual and other forms of recidivism; however, changes in domains less germane to risk and need tend not to be (e.g., empathy, mental health and well-being). Formalized dynamic sexual offense risk measures can be administered at multiple time points to reliably measure changes in sexual violence risk. Change information can then be used systematically to adjust risk appraisals. The extant literature supports the dynamic nature of sexual violence risk. Working toward the routine assessment of change with psychometrically sound measures, and integrating this information into risk management interventions, can not only improve lives and reduce sexual violence but is an ethical and human responsibility.
本文综述了性犯罪治疗干预的变化文献，探讨了其对动态性暴力风险评估和管理的影响。本文提出了研究和实践中需要采用动态方法的观点，认为要使变化具有预测性，这种变化必须与风险相关，并且必须来自可信的变化代理人。
现有研究表明，在风险和需求的心理意义维度上的变化（例如，性偏差；态度和认知；愤怒、攻击和敌意）往往与性和其他形式的累犯减少相关；然而，与风险和需求不太相关的领域的变化则不然（例如，同理心、心理健康和幸福感）。形式化的动态性犯罪风险措施可以在多个时间点进行管理，以可靠地衡量性暴力风险的变化。然后可以系统地使用变化信息来调整风险评估。现有文献支持性暴力风险的动态性质。通过使用具有良好心理测量学特性的措施来定期评估变化，并将这些信息整合到风险管理干预措施中，不仅可以改善生活、减少性暴力，而且是一种道德和人类责任。
