University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020 Dec;74(12):1743-1747. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-0627-2. Epub 2020 Apr 14.
This study investigated the relation of diet quality indexes (DQI) with breast cancer incidence among women from the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC). Participants completed a questionnaire with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Scores for Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015), Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) were divided into quintiles (Q1-Q5). Cox regression was applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for DQIs and breast cancer risk adjusted for known risk factors. The respective HRs for Q5 vs. Q1 were: 1.06 (95% CI, 0.98-1.14) for HEI-2015, 0.96 (95% CI, 0.90-1.04) for AHEI-2010, 1.01 (95% CI, 0.94-1.09) for aMED, and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.88-1.02) for DASH (p > 0.05 for all). However, overweight and obesity were significantly associated with breast cancer incidence. Despite the null association for DQIs, diet quality may lower breast cancer risk through its positive influence on weight status.
这项研究调查了饮食质量指数（DQI）与多民族队列（MEC）中女性乳腺癌发病率之间的关系。参与者完成了一份带有验证过的食物频率问卷的问卷。健康饮食指数 2015（HEI-2015）、替代健康饮食指数 2010（AHEI-2010）、替代地中海饮食评分（aMED）和停止高血压的饮食方法（DASH）的分数被分为五分位数（Q1-Q5）。Cox 回归用于估计 DQI 和乳腺癌风险的风险比（HRs）和 95%置信区间（CI），调整了已知的危险因素。与 Q1 相比，Q5 的相应 HR 分别为：HEI-2015 为 1.06（95%CI，0.98-1.14），AHEI-2010 为 0.96（95%CI，0.90-1.04），aMED 为 1.01（95%CI，0.94-1.09），DASH 为 0.95（95%CI，0.88-1.02）（p>0.05 均）。然而，超重和肥胖与乳腺癌发病率显著相关。尽管 DQI 呈阴性关联，但通过对体重状况的积极影响，饮食质量可能会降低乳腺癌风险。
