Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 13;15(1):5903. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-50258-4.
Research on the association between dietary adherence and cancer risk is limited, particularly concerning overall cancer risk and its underlying mechanisms. Using the UK Biobank data, we prospectively investigate the associations between adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) or a Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet (MINDDiet) and the risk of overall and 22 specific cancers, as well as the mediating effects of metabolites. Here we show significant negative associations of MedDiet and MINDDiet adherence with overall cancer risk. These associations remain robust across 14 and 13 specific cancers, respectively. Then, a sequential analysis, incorporating Cox regression, elastic net and gradient boost models, identify 10 metabolites associated with overall cancer risk. Mediation results indicate that these metabolites play a crucial role in the association between adherence to a MedDiet or a MINDDiet and cancer risk, independently and cumulatively. These findings deepen our understanding of the intricate connections between diet, metabolites, and cancer development.
关于饮食依从性与癌症风险之间的关联的研究有限，特别是关于整体癌症风险及其潜在机制的研究。本研究使用英国生物库（UK Biobank）的数据，前瞻性地研究了地中海饮食（MedDiet）或地中海饮食-高血压膳食干预延缓神经退行性疾病饮食（MINDDiet）依从性与整体癌症风险以及 22 种特定癌症风险之间的关联，以及代谢物的中介作用。结果表明，MedDiet 和 MINDDiet 依从性与整体癌症风险呈显著负相关。这些关联在分别涉及 14 种和 13 种特定癌症的研究中仍然稳健。然后，通过包含 Cox 回归、弹性网络和梯度提升模型的顺序分析，确定了与整体癌症风险相关的 10 种代谢物。中介结果表明，这些代谢物在 MedDiet 或 MINDDiet 依从性与癌症风险之间的关联中发挥着至关重要的作用，无论是独立作用还是累积作用。这些发现加深了我们对饮食、代谢物和癌症发展之间复杂联系的理解。
