Beuvink Yvonne, Hackett Scott
is a Consultant Paediatrician at Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
is a Consultant in Paediatric Allergy, Immunology and Infectious diseases at Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
Paediatr Child Health (Oxford). 2018 Jun;28(6):282-288. doi: 10.1016/j.paed.2018.04.004. Epub 2018 May 3.
As the majority of children on paediatric wards, especially in winter, have infections all paediatricians will be involved in infection control and prevention (ICP) without realising it. ICP measures include decisions on isolation of patients, which can be difficult with small numbers of cubicles. Children, who are highly infectious, have potential severe infections and those who are more at risk of developing severe infections (e.g. immunocompromised) should be isolated. Handwashing/decontamination is the central and most essential part of ICP measures. It should be actively encouraged and regularly monitored to ensure adherence. The ward layout will influence how we manage ICP. This includes placement and number of alcohol dispensers, sinks, bathrooms, equipment storage and the number of cubicles. It is also worth reviewing ward cleaning policies to assess whether these can be streamlined, potentially freeing up beds/cubicles earlier and leading to cost improvement without putting patients and staff at risk. We encourage all our staff to be fully vaccinated (including seasonal influenza vaccines and MMR). Paediatricians need to be closely involved in antibiotic stewardship and act as role models for all aspects of infection control, particularly proper handwashing.
由于儿科病房的大多数儿童，尤其是在冬季，都患有感染性疾病，所有儿科医生都会在不知不觉中参与到感染控制与预防（ICP）工作中。ICP措施包括对患者隔离的决策，而对于数量有限的小病房来说，这可能会很困难。具有高度传染性、有潜在严重感染风险以及更易发展为严重感染的儿童（如免疫功能低下者）应予以隔离。洗手/去污是ICP措施的核心和最重要部分。应积极鼓励并定期监测，以确保严格执行。病房布局会影响我们开展ICP工作的方式。这包括酒精 dispenser、水槽、浴室、设备存储区的位置和数量以及小病房的数量。审查病房清洁政策也很有必要，以评估是否可以简化这些政策，这有可能更早地腾出床位/小病房，在不危及患者和工作人员的情况下实现成本节约。我们鼓励所有员工全面接种疫苗（包括季节性流感疫苗和麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹三联疫苗）。儿科医生需要密切参与抗生素管理，并在感染控制的各个方面树立榜样，尤其是正确洗手。
