Jackson Denise L
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia Medical Center, 1 Hospital Drive, 2nd Floor, OMS, Room 2741, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
Physician Assist Clin. 2018 Apr;3(2):245-269. doi: 10.1016/j.cpha.2017.12.003. Epub 2018 Feb 27.
Most pediatric neck masses encountered in primary care are benign, reactive lymph nodes that originate from common pediatric viral processes. In a pediatric otolaryngology practice, more unusual pathologies are encountered, such as embryologic anomalies, vascular lesions, or neoplasms. Lesions that are larger or that have concerning features will ultimately need imaging and excisional biopsy for histopathologic confirmation of the diagnosis. A sound clinician understanding of anatomic neck spaces and common etiologies of pediatric neck masses can greatly reduce nonessential testing, cost, delay in treatment, and parental angst.
在初级医疗保健中遇到的大多数小儿颈部肿块是良性的反应性淋巴结，它们源于常见的小儿病毒感染过程。在小儿耳鼻喉科实践中，会遇到更不常见的病理情况，如胚胎异常、血管病变或肿瘤。较大的病变或具有可疑特征的病变最终需要进行影像学检查和切除活检，以进行组织病理学诊断确认。临床医生对颈部解剖间隙和小儿颈部肿块常见病因有充分的了解，可大大减少不必要的检查、费用、治疗延误和家长的焦虑。
