University of Physical Education in Krakow, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Department of Cosmetology, Krakow, Poland.
Jagiellonian University Medical College, 2nd Department of General Surgery, Krakow, Poland.
Cryobiology. 2020 Jun;94:100-106. doi: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.04.002. Epub 2020 Apr 11.
In recent years, the prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically and has become a 21st century epidemic. Obesity is associated with the development of many diseases, and therefore treatments that can reduce body mass are actively sought. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of 20 cryostimulation sessions on body composition in obese/high body mass (HBM, n = 12) males and normal body mass (NBM, n = 9) controls. The HBM group had a mean age = 29.08 ± 4.19 years, body fat percentage = 32.08 ± 6.16%, body mass index = 36.23 ± 8.13 kg/m) and NBM group had a mean age = 22.00 ± 2.45 years, body fat percentage = 12.14 ± 4.93%, body mass index = 23.58 ± 2.00 kg/m. Kilocalorie intake was similar for both groups. All participants received 20 sessions of systemic cryostimulation at -120°C for 2-3 min in a cryochamber. Blood samples were collected before the first session, 1 h after the 10th session, and 1 h after the 20th cryostimulation session. C-reactive protein (CRP) plasma concentrations, and expression of the heat shock protein genes (HSPA1A, HSPB1) and CRP mRNA in leukocytes were evaluated after 10 and 20 cryostimulation sessions. In both groups, 20 sessions were associated with a significant decrease in body mass, fat mass and the percentage of body fat. CRP concentrations were significantly higher in obese people before the first session and after 10 treatments, but not at the end of study. Expression of HSPA1A and HSPB1 mRNA gradually decreased with the number of cryostimulation sessions. A significant difference in HSPA1A expression was found after 20 sessions (NBM > HBM) and for HSPB1 at baseline and after 20 sessions (HBM > NBM). Our results show that cryostimulation influences body composition and that cryostimulation-induced HSP genes expression depends on the number of cryosessions and baseline body mass, and is differentially altered in HBM individuals. Further research on the interaction between body mass and cold adaptation is warranted.
近年来，肥胖症的患病率显著增加，已成为 21 世纪的一种流行病。肥胖症与许多疾病的发展有关，因此积极寻求能够减轻体重的治疗方法。本研究的目的是研究 20 次冷冻刺激治疗对肥胖/高体重（HBM，n=12）男性和正常体重（NBM，n=9）对照组的身体成分的影响。HBM 组的平均年龄为 29.08±4.19 岁，体脂百分比为 32.08±6.16%，体重指数为 36.23±8.13kg/m2，NBM 组的平均年龄为 22.00±2.45 岁，体脂百分比为 12.14±4.93%，体重指数为 23.58±2.00kg/m2。两组的热量摄入相似。所有参与者均在冷冻室中接受 20 次-120°C 的全身冷冻刺激治疗，每次 2-3 分钟。在第一次治疗前、第十次治疗后 1 小时和第二十次冷冻刺激治疗后 1 小时采集血液样本。在第十次和第二十次冷冻刺激治疗后评估 C 反应蛋白（CRP）血浆浓度以及白细胞中热休克蛋白基因（HSPA1A、HSPB1）和 CRP mRNA 的表达。在两组中，20 次治疗均与体重、脂肪量和体脂百分比显著降低相关。在第一次治疗前和第十次治疗后，肥胖者的 CRP 浓度显著升高，但在研究结束时则没有。HSPA1A 和 HSPB1 mRNA 的表达随着冷冻刺激治疗次数的增加而逐渐降低。在第 20 次治疗后，HSPA1A 的表达存在显著差异（NBM>HBM），而在基线和第 20 次治疗后，HSPB1 的表达也存在显著差异（HBM>NBM）。我们的结果表明，冷冻刺激会影响身体成分，并且冷冻刺激诱导的 HSP 基因表达取决于冷冻刺激治疗的次数和基础体重，并在 HBM 个体中发生不同的改变。有必要进一步研究体重和冷适应之间的相互作用。
