Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Microb Pathog. 2020 Jul;144:104200. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104200. Epub 2020 Apr 11.
The human gut harbors diverse microbes that play a fundamental role in the well-being of their host. Microbiota disruption affects the immune function, metabolism, and causes several diseases. Therefore, understanding how the microbiome is adjusted, and identifying methods for manipulating it is critical. Studies have found that there is an inverse association between MicroRNAs (miRNAs) abundance and microbe abundance. miRNAs are known to be engaged in post-transcription regulation of cell-autonomous gene expression. Recently, they have gained great attention for their proposed roles in cell-to-cell communication, and as biomarkers for human disease. Here, we review recent studies on the role of miRNAs as a component of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in the composition of gut microbiota and their significance in the human situation of health and diseases and discuss their effect on inflammatory responses and dysbiosis. Further, we explain how probiotics exert influence on the expression of miRNAs.
人类肠道中栖息着多种多样的微生物，这些微生物对宿主的健康起着至关重要的作用。微生物群的破坏会影响免疫功能、新陈代谢，并导致多种疾病。因此，了解微生物组是如何被调节的，以及确定操纵它的方法是至关重要的。研究发现，MicroRNAs（miRNAs）的丰度与微生物的丰度之间存在反比关系。已知 miRNAs 参与细胞自主基因表达的转录后调控。最近，它们因其在细胞间通讯中的潜在作用以及作为人类疾病生物标志物的作用而受到广泛关注。在这里，我们回顾了最近关于 miRNAs 作为外膜囊泡（OMVs）组成部分在肠道微生物群中的作用的研究，以及它们在人类健康和疾病状况中的意义，并讨论了它们对炎症反应和微生态失调的影响。此外，我们解释了益生菌如何影响 miRNAs 的表达。
