College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2020 Apr 14;39(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s41043-020-00214-x.
Early years of life are period of maximal growth and development of human brain. Development of young child is influenced by biological endowment and health of child, nutritional status of child, relationships with primary caregivers, family, and support systems in the community. This study was aimed to assess childhood development in relation to their nutritional status.
Community-based cross-sectional study was employed. Multi-stage systematic random sampling technique was used to select 626 children aged 12-59 months with mother/caregivers' pairs in Wolaita district in 2015. Child development assessment was done using third edition of age and stage questionnaire. Height and weight were measured by trained data collectors then the WHO Anthro version 3.2.2 software was used to convert nutritional data indices. Data were entered into Epi-info version 3.3.5 and was exported and analyzed using STATA version 14. Correlation and multiple logistic regression were used.
High risk of developmental problem in children were 19.0% with 95% CI (16.06%, 22.3%), and it is expressed as communication 5.8%, gross motor 6.1%, fine motor 4.0%, personal social 8.8%, and problem solving 4.1%. One-third (34.1%) of the study participants were stunted while 6.9% and 11.9% of them were wasted and underweight respectively. Weight-for-age (WAZ) and height-for-age positively correlated with all five domains of development, i.e., with communication, gross motor, fine motor, personal social, and problem solving (r = 0.1 - 0.23; p < 0.0001, and r = 0.131 - 0.249; p < 0.0001) respectively.
Overall child development was directly related with nutritional status. So, available resources should be offered to decrease children undernutrition. Further assessment on childhood development of children is necessary.
生命的早期是人类大脑生长和发育的最佳时期。幼儿的发展受到生物遗传和儿童健康、儿童营养状况、与主要照顾者、家庭和社区支持系统的关系的影响。本研究旨在评估儿童发育与营养状况的关系。
采用基于社区的横断面研究。2015 年，采用多阶段系统随机抽样技术，在沃莱塔区选择了 626 名 12-59 个月大的儿童及其母亲/照顾者。使用第三版年龄和阶段问卷进行儿童发育评估。由经过培训的数据收集员测量身高和体重，然后使用世卫组织 Anthro 版本 3.2.2 软件将营养数据指标转换。数据输入 Epi-info 版本 3.3.5，然后使用 STATA 版本 14 导出和分析。采用相关性和多逻辑回归分析。
儿童发育问题高风险率为 19.0%，95%CI（16.06%，22.3%），表现为沟通 5.8%，大运动 6.1%，精细运动 4.0%，个人社会 8.8%，解决问题 4.1%。三分之一（34.1%）的研究参与者发育迟缓，而 6.9%和 11.9%的参与者分别消瘦和体重不足。体重与年龄的比值（WAZ）和身高与年龄的比值与所有五个发育领域呈正相关，即沟通、大运动、精细运动、个人社会和解决问题（r=0.1-0.23；p<0.0001，r=0.131-0.249；p<0.0001）。
儿童总体发育与营养状况直接相关。因此，应提供现有资源，以减少儿童营养不良。有必要进一步评估儿童的儿童发育。
