Polymer Science & Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003.
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Apr 28;117(17):9157-9165. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1920168117. Epub 2020 Apr 14.
Cavitation is the sudden, unstable expansion of a void or bubble within a liquid or solid subjected to a negative hydrostatic stress. Cavitation rheology is a field emerging from the development of a suite of materials characterization, damage quantification, and therapeutic techniques that exploit the physical principles of cavitation. Cavitation rheology is inherently complex and broad in scope with wide-ranging applications in the biology, chemistry, materials, and mechanics communities. This perspective aims to drive collaboration among these communities and guide discussion by defining a common core of high-priority goals while highlighting emerging opportunities in the field of cavitation rheology. A brief overview of the mechanics and dynamics of cavitation in soft matter is presented. This overview is followed by a discussion of the overarching goals of cavitation rheology and an overview of common experimental techniques. The larger unmet needs and challenges of cavitation in soft matter are then presented alongside specific opportunities for researchers from different disciplines to contribute to the field.
空化是液体或固体中由于负压静应力导致的空洞或气泡的突然、不稳定的膨胀。空化流变学是从一系列材料特性描述、损伤量化和治疗技术的发展中出现的一个领域，这些技术利用了空化的物理原理。空化流变学本质上是复杂和广泛的，在生物学、化学、材料和力学等领域都有广泛的应用。本观点旨在通过定义一个共同的高优先级目标核心，推动这些领域的合作，并指导讨论，同时突出空化流变学领域的新兴机会。本文简要介绍了软物质中空化的力学和动力学。接着讨论了空化流变学的总体目标，并概述了常见的实验技术。然后提出了软物质中空化的未满足的更大需求和挑战，并为来自不同学科的研究人员提供了特定的机会，以促进该领域的发展。
