Kiesswetter Eva, Sieber Cornel C, Volkert Dorothee
Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kobergerstr. 60, 90408, Nürnberg, Germany.
Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Jul;53(4):285-289. doi: 10.1007/s00391-020-01723-4. Epub 2020 Apr 14.
The protein intake of older people has gained increasing scientific interest as a potential factor to delay the age-associated decline in muscle mass and consequently to counteract the development of sarcopenia. The skeletal muscle of older people seems less responsive to the anabolic stimulus of protein intake. Therefore, higher protein needs are discussed to overcome this anabolic resistance and to maintain muscle mass as far as possible. Besides the total amount of protein consumed, the distribution, quality and timing in relation to physical exercise are considered relevant; however, deriving clear recommendations for clinical practice is still difficult as positive results of protein intake on muscle metabolism found in experimental trials cannot simply be transferred to everyday conditions and randomized controlled trials often failed to show improvements in muscular outcomes related to protein supplementation. The effectiveness of protein supplementation may depend on functional resources of the older persons and the habitual protein intake. There is still a need for studies with well-defined protocols and populations to further elucidate the role of protein in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.
老年人的蛋白质摄入量作为延缓与年龄相关的肌肉量下降、进而对抗肌肉减少症发展的一个潜在因素，已引起越来越多的科学关注。老年人的骨骼肌似乎对蛋白质摄入的合成代谢刺激反应较弱。因此，人们讨论了更高的蛋白质需求量，以克服这种合成代谢抵抗，并尽可能维持肌肉量。除了摄入的蛋白质总量外，蛋白质的分布、质量以及与体育锻炼相关的时间安排也被认为是相关因素；然而，由于在实验性试验中发现的蛋白质摄入对肌肉代谢的积极结果不能简单地应用于日常情况，且随机对照试验往往未能显示出与补充蛋白质相关的肌肉指标有所改善，因此为临床实践得出明确的建议仍然很困难。补充蛋白质的有效性可能取决于老年人的功能状况和习惯性蛋白质摄入量。仍需要开展具有明确方案和研究人群的研究，以进一步阐明蛋白质在预防和治疗肌肉减少症中的作用。
