Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK.
BrainCheck.Pet, Mannheim, Germany.
J Vet Intern Med. 2020 May;34(3):1248-1259. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15756. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
Medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) enriched diet has a positive effect on seizure control and behavior in some dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE).
To evaluate the short-term efficacy of MCTs administered as an add-on dietary supplement (DS) to a variable base diet to assess seizure control and antiseizure drug's (ASD) adverse effect profiles.
Twenty-eight dogs with International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force Tier II (IVETF) level diagnosis of treated IE with 3 or more seizures in the last 3 months were used.
A 6-month multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial was completed, comparing an MCT-DS with a control-DS. A 9% metabolic energy-based amount of MCT or control oil was supplemented to the dogs' diet for 3 months, followed by a control oil or MCT for another 3 months, respectively. Dogs enrolled in this study satisfied most requirements of IE diagnosis stated by the IVETF II level. If they received an oil DS or drugs that could influence the metabolism of the investigated DS or chronic ASD, the chronic ASD medication was adjusted, or other causes of epilepsy were found, the dogs were excluded from the study.
Seizure frequency (median 2.51/month [0-6.67] versus 2.67/month [0-10.45]; P = .02) and seizure-day frequency were significantly (1.68/month [0-5.60] versus 1.99/month [0-7.42], P = .01) lower when dogs were fed MCT-DS in comparison with the control-DS. Two dogs were free of seizures, 3 had ≥50% and 12 had <50% reductions in seizure frequency, and 11 dogs showed no change or an increase in seizure frequency.
These data show antiseizure properties of an MCT-DS compared to a control oil and support former evidence for the efficacy of MCTs as a nutritive, management option for a subpopulation of drug-resistant dogs with epilepsy.
中链甘油三酯（MCT）丰富的饮食对一些特发性癫痫（IE）犬的癫痫发作控制和行为有积极影响。
评估作为附加饮食补充剂（DS）给予可变基础饮食的 MCT 的短期疗效，以评估癫痫发作控制和抗癫痫药物（ASD）的不良反应谱。
使用 28 只患有国际兽医癫痫工作组 II 级（IVETF）诊断的特发性癫痫的犬，这些犬在过去 3 个月中有 3 次或更多次发作。
完成了一项为期 6 个月的多中心、前瞻性、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照交叉试验，比较了 MCT-DS 和对照-DS。以 9%代谢能量为基础的 MCT 或对照油的量补充到犬的饮食中 3 个月，然后分别用对照油或 MCT 再补充 3 个月。参加这项研究的犬满足了 IVETF II 级规定的大多数 IE 诊断要求。如果它们接受了油 DS 或可能影响所研究 DS 或慢性 ASD 代谢的药物，则调整慢性 ASD 药物，或发现其他癫痫病因，则将犬排除在研究之外。
与对照-DS 相比，当犬喂食 MCT-DS 时，癫痫发作频率（中位数 2.51/月[0-6.67] 与 2.67/月[0-10.45]；P =.02）和发作日频率（中位数 1.68/月[0-5.60] 与 1.99/月[0-7.42]；P =.01）显著降低。有 2 只犬无癫痫发作，3 只犬癫痫发作频率降低≥50%，12 只犬癫痫发作频率降低<50%，11 只犬癫痫发作频率无变化或增加。
这些数据显示，与对照油相比，MCT-DS 具有抗癫痫作用，并支持 MCT 作为营养管理选择对药物抵抗性癫痫犬亚群的有效性的先前证据。
